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Course made good (C.M.G. or Course Over Ground) - the actual route taken to achieve the journey's objecting measured over the ground. It is the resultant of the course steered and the effect on that course of any wind and tide. Sail trim - pulling the sail in when sailing upwind and letting it out when sailing downwind.
Canadian Power Squadron was founded in Windsor, Ontario in 1938 after a group of boaters travelled to the Detroit Power Squadron to take the United States Power Squadrons Coastal Navigation Course. Upon their successful completion of the course, they formed the Windsor Power Squadron, closely followed by the formation of Squadrons in Sarnia ...
Sail Canada (formerly the Canadian Yachting Association) [1] is Canada's governing body for the sport of sailing. [2] Sail Canada is a "Member National Authority" of World Sailing. [3] Organization of sailing in Canada is divided into four groups: yacht clubs, Provincial Sailing Associations, class associations, and Sail Canada itself.
The physics of sailing arises from a balance of forces between the wind powering the sailing craft as it passes over its sails and the resistance by the sailing craft against being blown off course, which is provided in the water by the keel, rudder, underwater foils and other elements of the underbody of a sailboat, on ice by the runners of an ...
Marine navigation is the art and science of steering a ship from a starting point (sailing) to a destination, efficiently and responsibly. It is an art because of the skill that the navigator must have to avoid the dangers of navigation, and it is a science because it is based on physical , mathematical , oceanographic , cartographic ...
For many sailing craft 45° on either side of the wind is a no-go zone, where a sail is unable to mobilize power from the wind. Sailing on a course as close to the wind as possible—approximately 45°—is termed beating, a point of sail when the sails are close-hauled. At 90° off the wind, a craft is on a beam reach.
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When sailing craft are on a course where the angle of attack between the sail and the apparent wind (α) exceeds the point of maximum lift on the C L –C D polar diagram, separation of flow occurs. [34] The separation becomes more pronounced until at α = 90° lift becomes small and drag predominates.