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Chagas disease is caused by infection with the protozoan parasite T. cruzi, which is typically introduced into humans through the bite of triatomine bugs, also called "kissing bugs". [4] When the insect defecates at the bite site, motile T. cruzi forms called trypomastigotes enter the bloodstream and invade various host cells. [5]
Moreover, different parasite strains infect different tissues with a variable invasion efficiency, due to the high genetic and phenotypic variability found among T. cruzi strains. T. cruzi trypomastigotes are capable of sensing mammalian cells to a different degree, depending on the cell type, and can modify their motility patterns to increase ...
Domestic and sylvatic species can carry the Chagas parasite to humans and wild mammals; birds are immune to the parasite. T. cruzi transmission is carried mainly from human to human by domestic kissing bugs; from the vertebrate to the bug by blood, and from the bug to the vertebrate by the insect's feces, and not by its saliva as occurs in most ...
T. bennetti, which infects birds and biting midges; T. boissoni, in elasmobranch; T. brucei, which causes sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in cattle; T. cruzi, which causes Chagas disease in humans; Trypanosoma culicavium, which infects birds and mosquitoes; T. congolense, which causes nagana in ruminant livestock, horses and a wide range ...
T. gerstaeckeri is a reservoir for the parasite T. cruzi, which causes Chagas Disease. [2] This is a very relevant disease in the Western Hemisphere because there are about 56,000 new incidents of Chagas Disease every year and about 12,000 deaths annually caused by this disease. [2]
(Don’t overlook these surprising hazard zones in your backyard.) Scabies. Scabies are contagious. They are primarily transmitted by direct human to human contact. But they can be transmitted ...
The three major human diseases caused by trypanosomatids are; African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness, caused by Trypanosoma brucei and transmitted by tsetse flies [3]), South American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease, caused by T. cruzi and transmitted by triatomine bugs), and leishmaniasis (a set of trypanosomal diseases caused by various species of Leishmania transmitted by sandflies [4]).
Triatoma infestans, commonly called winchuka [1] or vinchuca [2] in Argentina, Bolivia, Uruguay and Chile, barbeiro in Brazil, chipo in Venezuela and also known as "kissing bug" or "barber bug" in English, is a blood-sucking bug (like virtually all the members of its subfamily Triatominae) and the most important vector of Trypanosoma cruzi which can lead to Chagas disease.