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Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine), and its topical prodrug formulation N-acetylcarnosine (NAC), is advertised (especially on the internet) to treat a range of ophthalmic disorders associated with oxidative stress, including age-related and diabetic cataracts. No convincing animal studies or masked clinical trials have been reported.
N-Acetylcarnosine drops have been investigated as a medical treatment for cataracts. The drops are believed to work by reducing oxidation and glycation damage in the lens, particularly reducing crystallin crosslinking.
Acetylcarnosine, a similar molecule used to treat lens cataracts; Anserine, another dipeptide antioxidant (found in birds) Carnosine synthase, an enzyme that helps carnosine production; Carnosinemia, a disease of excess carnosine due to an enzyme defect/deficiency
Pirenoxine (abbreviated PRX, trade name Catalin) is a medication used in the possible treatment and prevention of cataracts.. A report in the Inorganic Chemistry journal showed that in liquid solutions, pirenoxine could cause decreased cloudiness of a crystallin solution produced to mimic the environment of the eye.
Cataract surgery is the most common application of lens removal surgery, and is usually associated with lens replacement. It is used to remove the natural lens of the eye when it has developed a cataract, a cloudy area in the lens that causes visual impairment. [4] [10] Cataracts usually develop slowly and can affect one or both eyes. [4]
Cataracts are the main cause of blindness in Africa, and affect approximately half of the estimated seven million blind people on the continent, a number that is expected to increase with population growth by about 600,000 people per year. As of 2005, the estimated cataract-surgery rate was about 500 operations per million people per year.