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SEMMA is an acronym that stands for Sample, Explore, Modify, Model, and Assess.It is a list of sequential steps developed by SAS Institute, one of the largest producers of statistics and business intelligence software.
Each step consists of a series of statements. [5] The DATA step has executable statements that result in the software taking an action, and declarative statements that provide instructions to read a data set or alter the data's appearance. [4] The DATA step has two phases: compilation and execution.
However, SAS Institute clearly states that SEMMA is not a data mining methodology, but rather a "logical organization of the functional toolset of SAS Enterprise Miner." A review and critique of data mining process models in 2009 called the CRISP-DM the "de facto standard for developing data mining and knowledge discovery projects."
While SAS was originally developed for data analysis, it became an important language for data storage. [5] SAS is one of the primary languages used for data mining in business intelligence and statistics. [29] According to Gartner's Magic Quadrant and Forrester Research, the SAS Institute is one of the largest vendors of data mining software. [24]
The last step in data modeling is transforming the logical data model to a physical data model that organizes the data into tables, and accounts for access, performance and storage details. Data modeling defines not just data elements, but also their structures and the relationships between them.
The basis for STEP was the Product Data Exchange Specification (PDES), which was initiated during the mid-1980's and was submitted to ISO in 1988. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The Product Data Exchange Specification (PDES) was a data definition effort intended to improve interoperability between manufacturing companies, and thereby improve productivity.
Data analysis uses specialized algorithms and statistical calculations that are less often observed in a typical general business environment. For data analysis, software suites like SPSS or SAS, or their free counterparts such as DAP, gretl, or PSPP are often used. These tools are usually helpful for processing various huge data sets, as they ...
STEP-file is a widely used [1] data exchange form of STEP. ISO 10303 can represent 3D objects in computer-aided design (CAD) and related information. Due to its ASCII structure, a STEP-file is easy to read, with typically one instance per line. The format of a STEP-file is defined in ISO 10303-21 Clear Text Encoding of the Exchange Structure. [2]