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Air streams are mixed to save energy and improve energy efficiency by partially recirculating conditioned air.. The most common application for an air-mixing plenum is the mixing of return air (or extract air) with fresh air to provide a supply air mixture for onward distribution to the building or area which the ventilation system is serving. [1]
This damper can switch the electrical power to control additional "slave" dampers, minimizing the electrical load on the damper's control circuitry and power transformer. A zone damper (also known as a Volume Control Damper or VCD) is a specific type of damper used to control the flow of air in an HVAC heating or cooling system. In order to ...
The return plenum carries the air from several large return grills (vents) to a central air handler for re-heating. The supply plenum directs air from the central unit to the rooms which the system is designed to heat. Regardless of type, all air handlers consist of an air filter, blower, heat exchanger/element/coil, and various controls.
While overhead systems typically use ducts to distribute the air, UFAD systems use the underfloor plenum formed by installation of a raised floor. The plenum generally sits 0.3 and 0.46 metres (12 and 18 in) above the structural concrete slab, although lower heights are possible.
A simple mass–spring–damper system, and its equivalent bond-graph form. A bond graph is a graphical representation of a physical dynamic system.It allows the conversion of the system into a state-space representation.
The term "plenum" was coined in the 1670s, derived from Latin adjective plenus ("filled, full"). The usage originates from classical theories of physics and the notion that "nature abhors a vacuum". These gave rise to the notion of 17th century 'plenum' as the opposite of vacuum, and all things "being either Plenum or Vacuum". [2]
A non-plenum airspace can become a plenum airspace by accident if the ductwork is disconnected and not properly repaired and resealed. Ductwork disconnection can occur due to building damage such as earthquakes, aging, or adverse environment causing the metal to corrode and fall apart, or simply negligence on the part of building contractors ...
Most commonly, VAV boxes are pressure independent, meaning the VAV box uses controls to deliver a constant flow rate regardless of variations in system pressures experienced at the VAV inlet. [2] This is accomplished by an airflow sensor that is placed at the VAV inlet which opens or closes the damper within the VAV box to adjust the airflow. [2]