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In cases in which a physician has difficulty explaining complicated medical concepts to a patient, that patient may be inclined to seek information on the internet. [8] A consensus exists that patients should have shared decision making, meaning that patients should be able to make informed decisions about the direction of their medical treatment in collaboration with their physician. [9]
An infodemic is a rapid and far-reaching spread of both accurate and inaccurate information about certain issues. [1] [2] [3] The word is a portmanteau of information and epidemic and is used as a metaphor to describe how misinformation and disinformation can spread like a virus from person to person and affect people like a disease. [4]
The Shorenstein Center at Harvard University defines disinformation research as an academic field that studies "the spread and impacts of misinformation, disinformation, and media manipulation," including "how it spreads through online and offline channels, and why people are susceptible to believing bad information, and successful strategies for mitigating its impact". [23]
Media bias occurs when journalists and news producers show bias in how they report and cover news. The term "media bias" implies a pervasive or widespread bias contravening of the standards of journalism, rather than the perspective of an individual journalist or article. [1] The direction and degree of media bias in various countries is widely ...
Image posts are the biggest spread of misinformation on social media, a fact which is grossly unrepresented in research. This leads to a "yawning gap of knowledge" as there is a collective ignorance on how harmful image-based posts are compared to other types of misinformation.
The actors sowing disinformation succeed when disinformation circulates in social media as beliefs that cannot be fact-checked. [5]If individuals can be convinced of something that is factually incorrect, they may make decisions that will run counter to the best interests of themselves and those around them.
Blogs, social networks, personal websites, and mobile technology all contribute to increased "noise". [9] The level of pollution may depend on the context. For example, e-mail is likely to cause more information pollution in a corporate setting, [ 11 ] whereas mobile phones are likely to be particularly disruptive in a confined space shared by ...
These issues raise ethical concerns and an importance of establishing ethical frameworks to address AI in media. When AI-generated content provides the public with misinformation, and bias, there is an unclear idea of who is responsible for the harm or damage caused. [15] These problems are made greater by social media platforms.