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A mastoidectomy is a procedure performed to remove the mastoid air cells [1] near the middle ear. The procedure is part of the treatment for mastoiditis , chronic suppurative otitis media or cholesteatoma . [ 2 ]
Its outer surface is rough and gives attachment to the occipitalis and posterior auricular muscles.It is perforated by numerous foramina (holes); for example, the mastoid foramen is situated near the posterior border and transmits a vein to the transverse sinus and a small branch of the occipital artery to the dura mater.
used in mastoid surgeries like mastoidectomy: Rose's sinus washing canula: to irrigate the maxillary sinuses: Higginson's syringe: irrigating the antrum,nasal douching for atrophic rhinitis Ballenger's swivel knife: cutting septal cartilage; SMR operation Nasal foreign body hook: to remove nasal foreign bodies Electric drill: for bone drilling
The tube is extruded spontaneously after a few weeks to months, and the incision heals naturally. If there are complications, or the mastoiditis does not respond to the above treatments, it may be necessary to perform a mastoidectomy: a procedure in which a portion of the bone is removed and the infection drained. [4]
Cholesteatoma is a destructive and expanding growth consisting of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear and/or mastoid process. [1] [2] Cholesteatomas are not cancerous as the name may suggest, but can cause significant problems because of their erosive and expansile properties.
[1] [2] Otologic surgery generally refers to surgery of the middle ear and mastoid related to chronic otitis media, such as tympanoplasty (ear drum surgery), ossiculoplasty (surgery of the hearing bones) and mastoidectomy. Otology also includes surgical treatment of conductive hearing loss, such as stapedectomy surgery for otosclerosis.
In the temporal bone, between the posterior wall of the external acoustic meatus and the posterior root of the zygomatic process is the area called the suprameatal triangle, suprameatal pit, mastoid fossa, foveola suprameatica, or Macewen's triangle, through which an instrument may be pushed into the mastoid antrum.
-centesis : surgical puncture-tripsy : crushing or breaking up-desis : fusion of two parts into one, stabilization-ectomy : surgical removal (see List of -ectomies). ...