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The word pepper derives from Old English pipor, Latin piper, and Greek: πέπερι. [6] The Greek likely derives from Dravidian pippali, meaning "long pepper". [7] Sanskrit pippali shares the same meaning. [6] In the 16th century, people began using pepper to also mean the New World chili pepper (genus Capsicum), which is not closely related ...
Capsaicin is a potent defense mechanism for chilies, but it does come at a cost. Varying levels of capsaicin in chilies currently appear to be caused by an evolutionary split between surviving in dry environments, and having defense mechanisms against fungal growth, insects, and granivorous mammals. [ 90 ]
A red bell pepper supplies twice the vitamin C and eight times the vitamin A content of a green bell pepper. [12] The bell pepper is the only member of the genus Capsicum that does not produce capsaicin, a lipophilic chemical that can cause a strong burning sensation when it comes in contact with mucous membranes.
The Oxford Dictionary of English records piri-piri as a foreign word meaning "a very hot sauce made with red chilli peppers", and gives its ultimate origin as the word for "pepper" (presumably in the native-African sense) in the Ronga language of southern Mozambique, where Portuguese explorers developed the homonymous cultivar from malagueta ...
Bell peppers grow on shrub body plants, and the fruits are large, quadrangular, and fleshy. They can also grow to a weight of 500 grams and come in many colors including yellow, orange, red, and green. [ 16 ]
"They come in several different colors that each have a distinct taste," Dilley continues. "Green — unripe — bell peppers have a sharper, slightly bitter taste, while red, orange and yellow ...
The large, mild form is called bell pepper, or is named by color (green pepper, green bell pepper, red bell pepper, etc.) in North America and South Africa, sweet pepper. The name is simply pepper in the United Kingdom and Ireland. [11] The name capsicum is used in Australia, India, Malaysia, New Zealand. [12]
Chili peppers exhibit a range of heat and flavors. This diversity is the reason behind the availability of different types of chili powder, each offering its own taste and heat level. Chili peppers originated in Central or South America and were first cultivated in Mexico.