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Drug titration is the process of adjusting the dose of a medication for the maximum benefit without adverse effects. [1] When a drug has a narrow therapeutic index, titration is especially important, because the range between the dose at which a drug is effective and the dose at which side effects occur is small. [2]
Levothyroxine is taken on an empty stomach about half an hour to an hour before meals. [21] As such, thyroid replacement therapy is usually taken 30 minutes prior to eating in the morning. [14] For patients with trouble taking levothyroxine in the morning, bedtime dosing is effective, as well. [14]
Liothyronine may be used when there is an impaired conversion of T 4 to T 3 in peripheral tissues. [2] The dose of liothyronine for hypothyroidism is a lower amount than levothyroxine due it being a higher concentrated synthetic medication. [2]
It is the primary form of thyroid hormone found in the blood and acts as a prohormone of the more active thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T 3). [1] Thyroxine and its active metabolites are essential for regulating metabolic rate , supporting heart and muscle function , promoting brain development , and maintaining bone health .
Regular blood tests are recommended to verify the appropriateness of the dose. [1] They contain a mixture of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). [1] Desiccated thyroid has been used since the late 1800s. [3] It is usually made from pigs, sheep, or cows. [4] It is available as a generic medication. [1]
Repeated administration of a medication is also different from single dosing, as many drugs have active metabolites that can build up in the body. [6] Patient variables such as sex, age, and organ function may also influence the effect of the drug on the system. These variables are rarely included in equianalgesic charts. [7] [3] [8]
A randomized control trial testing single dose treatment for Graves' found methimazole achieved euthyroidism (normal thyroid function that occurs within normal serum levels of TSH and T4 [23]) more effectively after 12 weeks than did propylthiouracil (77.1% on methimazole 15 mg vs 19.4% in the propylthiouracil 150 mg groups). [24]
The thyroid system of the thyroid hormones T 3 and T 4 [1] Thyroid hormones are two hormones produced and released by the thyroid gland, triiodothyronine (T 3) and thyroxine (T 4). They are tyrosine-based hormones that are primarily responsible for regulation of metabolism. T 3 and T 4 are partially composed of iodine, derived from food. [2]