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Hydrogen fluoride (fluorane) is an inorganic compound with chemical formula H F. It is a very poisonous, colorless gas or liquid that dissolves in water to yield hydrofluoric acid .
As fluorine is itself manufactured by the electrolysis of hydrogen fluoride, ECF is a rather more direct route to fluorocarbons. The process proceeds at low voltage (5 – 6 V) so that free fluorine is not liberated. The choice of substrate is restricted as ideally it should be soluble in hydrogen fluoride.
Electrochemical fluorination (ECF), or electrofluorination, is a foundational organofluorine chemistry method for the preparation of fluorocarbon-based organofluorine compounds. [1] The general approach represents an application of electrosynthesis .
Hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in water.Solutions of HF are colorless, acidic and highly corrosive.A common concentration is 49% (48-52%) but there are also stronger solutions (e.g. 70%) and pure HF has a boiling point near room temperature.
Ammonium bifluoride is an inorganic compound with the formula [NH 4][HF 2] or [NH 4]F·HF. It is produced from ammonia and hydrogen fluoride. This colourless salt is a glass-etchant and an intermediate in a once-contemplated route to hydrofluoric acid.
Hydrogen bonding amongst HF molecules gives rise to high viscosity in the liquid phase and lower than expected pressure in the gas phase. Hydrogen fluoride does not boil until 20 °C in contrast to the heavier hydrogen halides which boil between −85 °C and −35 °C (−120 °F and –30 °F).
[18 F]NaF is also taken-up by immature erythrocytes in the bone marrow, [21] which plays a role in fluoride kinetics. [22] The plasma protein binding of [18 F]NaF is negligible. [23] [18 F]NaF renal clearance is affected by diet [24] and pH level, [25] due to its re-absorption in the nephron, which is mediated by hydrogen fluoride. [26]
Organofluorine compounds are pervasive. Many drugs, many polymers, refrigerants, and many inorganic compounds are made from fluoride-containing reagents. Often fluorides are converted to hydrogen fluoride, which is a major reagent and precursor to reagents. Hydrofluoric acid and its anhydrous form, hydrogen fluoride, are particularly important. [4]