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Univariate is a term commonly used in statistics to describe a type of data which consists of observations on only a single characteristic or attribute. A simple example of univariate data would be the salaries of workers in industry. [1]
For example, in papers reporting on human subjects, typically a table is included giving the overall sample size, sample sizes in important subgroups (e.g., for each treatment or exposure group), and demographic or clinical characteristics such as the average age, the proportion of subjects of each sex, the proportion of subjects with related ...
Statistical tests are used to test the fit between a hypothesis and the data. [1] [2] Choosing the right statistical test is not a trivial task. [1]The choice of the test depends on many properties of the research question.
The difference between the two sample means, each denoted by X i, which appears in the numerator for all the two-sample testing approaches discussed above, is ¯ ¯ = The sample standard deviations for the two samples are approximately 0.05 and 0.11, respectively. For such small samples, a test of equality between the two population variances ...
For example, in enrichment analyses in statistical genetics one set of genes may be annotated for a given phenotype and the user may be interested in testing the overlap of their own set with those. In this case a 2 × 2 contingency table may be generated and Fisher's exact test applied through identifying Genes that are provided in both lists
The univariate unit root tests used in the first stage have low statistical power; The choice of dependent variable in the first stage influences test results, i.e. we need weak exogeneity for as determined by Granger causality; One can potentially have a small sample bias
As an example, in the univariate case, given a set of observations it is straightforward to find the most extreme event simply by taking the maximum (or minimum) of the observations. However, in the bivariate case, given a set of observations ( x i , y i ) {\displaystyle \ (x_{i},y_{i})\ } , it is not immediately clear how to find the most ...
In statistics, maximum spacing estimation (MSE or MSP), or maximum product of spacing estimation (MPS), is a method for estimating the parameters of a univariate statistical model. [1] The method requires maximization of the geometric mean of spacings in the data, which are the differences between the values of the cumulative distribution ...