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A funeral procession in the Philippines, 2009. During the Pre-Hispanic period the early Filipinos believed in a concept of life after death. [1] This belief, which stemmed from indigenous ancestral veneration and was strengthened by strong family and community relations within tribes, prompted the Filipinos to create burial customs to honor the dead through prayers and rituals.
A pre-colonial couple belonging to the datu or nobility as depicted in the Boxer Codex of the 16th century.. Datu is a title which denotes the rulers (variously described in historical accounts as chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs) of numerous Indigenous peoples throughout the Philippine archipelago. [1]
Like neighboring Moros and the Lumads, during the nominal occupation of the Philippines by the Spanish, and later the American and the Japanese, the Maranao had tribal leaders called datu. In the 16th century, upon the arrival of Islam, they developed into kingdoms with sultans due to the influence of Muslim missionaries.
Datu Ali (died 1905) was the Rajahmuda of Tinungkup (alternatively spelled as Tinukop) within the Sultanate of Buayan before succeeding his cousin, Datu Uto, as Rajah of Buayan formally from Uto's death in 1902 until his death in 1905.
If this does not work, a datu or a guru must be called in. [46] The begu are not immortal, since death also rules in the land of the dead: a begu dies seven times before it is changed into a straw and finally becomes earth. [47] The Batak believe that three categories of begu exist. [48]
Tradition holds that the first ruler of Aklan was Datu Dinagandan who was dethroned in 1399, by Kalantiaw. In 1433, Kalantiaw III formulated a set of laws that is known today as the Code of Kalantiaw. William Henry Scott, a well-known American historian, later debunked the Code of Kalantiaw as a fraud.
The torogan was also surrounded by a wide open space called the lama, where other activities are also held. The lama commonly had a horse-racing track crossing it, called the paso-ay. The area beneath the main floor is called the dorung, which is also used for various purposes like storage or keeping domestic animals. [1]
Datu Sikatuna (or Catunao) was a Datu or chieftain of Bo-ol in the island of Bohol in the Philippines. He made a blood compact ( sanduguan ) and alliance with the Spanish explorer Miguel López de Legazpi on March 25, 1565 at Hinawanan Bay, barangay Hinawanan, Loay . [ 1 ]