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Zhao Tuo was born around 240 BC in Zhending in the state of Zhao (within modern Hebei). When the state of Zhao was defeated and annexed by Qin (state) in 222 BC, Zhao Tuo joined the Qin, serving as one of their generals in the conquest of the Baiyue. The territory of those conquered Yues was divided into the three provinces of Guilin, Nanhai ...
Well of the Yue King in Longchuan, said to have been dug by Zhao Tuo during his time as County Governor Because the Kingdom of Nanyue was established by Zhao Tuo, a Chinese general of the Qin dynasty , Nanyue's political and bureaucratic systems were, at first, essentially just continuations of those of the Qin Empire itself.
Zhao Tuo (r. 204–136 BC), also called Triệu Đà, the founder of the dynasty, was an ethnic Chinese born in the State of Zhao, now Hebei province. He became military governor of Nanhai (now Guangdong ) upon the death of Governor Ren Xiao in 208 BC, just as the Qin dynasty was collapsing.
[1] [2] Zhao was originally a Qin military officer from Zhending in northern China. [2] The Han frontier in the south was not threatened and there was no indication that Zhao Tuo would encroach on Han territory. [1] In 196 BC, the Emperor Gaozu sent Lu Jia on a diplomatic mission to Nanyue to officially recognize Zhao Tuo as a local ruler. [1]
In 179, Zhao Tuo defeated the kingdom of Âu Lạc and annexed it. [24] Zhao Tuo died in 137 and was succeeded by his grandson, Zhao Mo. [40] Upon Zhao Mo's accession, the neighboring king of Minyue, Zou Ying, sent his army to attack Nanyue. Zhao sent for help from the Han dynasty, his nominal vassal overlord. The Han responded by sending ...
The first Chinese presence in Guangdong can be traced to the conquest by the Qin general Zhao Tuo and his subsequent establishment of the Nanyue kingdom, a hybrid Han-Yue polity as an independent state. [28] [29] There was a second wave of migration during the Han dynasty during the troubled reign of the usurper Wang Mang.
In 179 BC, Zhao Tuo conquered the Vietnamese state of Âu Lạc. Despite coming from the North, Zhao Tuo assimilated into the Yue culture and created a new identity as the King of Nanyue. Zhao Tuo married a Yue woman, incorporated locals into his army, and even fought off Han invasions later on to protect his kingdom.
Zhao established his capital at Panyu (modern-day Guangzhou) and divided his empire into seven provinces, which were administered by a mix of Han Chinese and Yue feudal lords. [2] At its height, Nanyue was the strongest of the Yue states, with Zhao declaring himself emperor and receiving allegiance from the neighboring kings. [39]