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Autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy is a type of immune-mediated autonomic failure that is associated with antibodies against the ganglionic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor present in sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric ganglia. Typical symptoms include gastrointestinal dysmotility, orthostatic hypotension, and tonic pupils. [1]
An autonomic ganglion is a cluster of nerve cell bodies (a ganglion) in the autonomic nervous system. The two types are the sympathetic ganglion and the parasympathetic ganglion . [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a life-threatening medical emergency characterized by hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias. [1] This condition is sometimes referred to as autonomic hyperreflexia. [ 2 ] Most cases of AD occur in individuals with spinal cord injuries. [ 3 ]
Treatment of dysautonomia can be difficult; since it is made up of many different symptoms, a combination of drug therapies is often required to manage individual symptomatic complaints. In the case of autoimmune neuropathy, treatment with immunomodulatory therapies is done. If diabetes mellitus is the cause, control of blood glucose is ...
Because ganglionic blockers block both the parasympathetic nervous system and sympathetic nervous system, the effect of these drugs depends upon the dominant tone in the organ system. [2] The opposite of a ganglionic blocker is referred to as a ganglionic stimulant. Some substances can exhibit both stimulating and blocking effects on autonomic ...
Autonomic neuropathy (AN or AAN) is a form of polyneuropathy that affects the non-voluntary, non-sensory nervous system (i.e., the autonomic nervous system), affecting mostly the internal organs such as the bladder muscles, the cardiovascular system, the digestive tract, and the genital organs. These nerves are not under a person's conscious ...
352.0 Disorders of olfactory [1st] nerve; 352.1 Glossopharyngeal neuralgia; 352.2 Other disorders of glossopharyngeal [9th] nerve; 352.3 Disorders of pneumogastric [10th] nerve; 352.4 Disorders of accessory [11th] nerve; 352.5 Disorders of hypoglossal [12th] nerve; 352.6 Multiple cranial nerve palsies; 352.9 Unspecified; 353 Nerve root and ...
Diagnosis is based on symptoms and confirmed by biopsy. [3] Treatment is generally by surgery to remove the affected section of bowel. [2] The surgical procedure most often carried out is known as a "pull through". [3] Occasionally, an intestinal transplantation may be recommended. [2] Hirschsprung's disease occurs in about one in 5,000 of ...