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  2. V speeds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_speeds

    The minimum speed that the aircraft is still controllable with the critical engine inoperative [21] while the aircraft is on the ground. V MCL: Minimum control speed in the landing configuration with one engine inoperative. [9] [21] V MO: Maximum operating limit speed. [7] [8] [9] Exceeding V MO may trigger an overspeed alarm. [22] V MU ...

  3. Aircraft approach category - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_approach_category

    Table II-5-1-2 Aircraft approach categories do not change during day-to-day operation. To change an aircraft's category, an aircraft must be re-certified with a different maximum landing mass. [1]: II-5-1-3 Pilots may not use a lower category than the one certified, but may choose to use a higher category for higher speed approaches. [2]

  4. Landing performance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landing_performance

    An increase in weight increases the stall speed of the aircraft. Therefore, the landing approach speed increases as the aircraft's weight increases. The kinetic energy (⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ mV 2) that has to be dissipated to stop an aircraft is a function of the mass of the aircraft and the square of its speed at touchdown. The kinetic energy ...

  5. Minimum control speeds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_Control_Speeds

    The minimum control speed during approach and landing (V MCL) is similar to V MCA, but the aircraft configuration is the landing configuration. V MCL is defined for both part 23 <FAR 23.149 (c)> and part 25 aircraft in civil aviation regulations.

  6. McDonnell Douglas MD-11 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_MD-11

    The aircraft was operating from Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport. Upon landing, the aircraft rolled down the whole length of the runway before plunging into the bay where it was completely submerged except for the cockpit. An excessive approach and landing speed were pointed out as probable cause of the accident. [65]

  7. List of airliners by maximum takeoff weight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_airliners_by...

    Type MTOW [kg] MLW [tonnes] TOR [m] LR [m] ICAO category FAA category; Antonov An-225: 640,000: 591.7: 3,500: Super: Super Scaled Composites Model 351 Stratolaunch

  8. Airfield traffic pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airfield_traffic_pattern

    Fast aircraft, for example military jets, may enter the pattern with a run-and-break (in the US, overhead maneuver or overhead break). The aircraft flies at speed along the final leg, and makes a sharp, high-G turn above midfield to lose speed and arrive on the downwind leg at pattern altitude and in landing configuration.

  9. Wing loading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wing_loading

    The Monarch Butterfly has a very low 0.168 kg/m 2 wing loading The McDonnell Douglas MD-11 has a high 837 kg/m 2 maximum wing loading. In aerodynamics, wing loading is the total weight of an aircraft or flying animal divided by the area of its wing.