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  2. Flight airspeed record - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_airspeed_record

    The Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird holds the official Air Speed Record for a crewed airbreathing jet engine aircraft with a speed of 3,530 km/h (2,190 mph). The record was set on 28 July 1976 by Eldon W. Joersz and George T. Morgan Jr. near Beale Air Force Base, California, USA.

  3. V speeds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_speeds

    Maximum landing gear operating speed. This is the maximum speed at which the landing gear on a retractable gear aircraft should be extended or retracted. [7] [9] [20] V LOF: Lift-off speed. [7] [9] V MC: Minimum control speed. The minimum speed at which the aircraft is still controllable with the critical engine inoperative. [7]

  4. Flight test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_test

    Since commercial aircraft development is normally funded by the aircraft manufacturer and/or private investors, the certifying agency does not have a stake in the commercial success of the aircraft. These civil agencies are concerned with the aircraft's safety and that the pilot's flight manual accurately reports the aircraft's performance.

  5. Supersonic transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supersonic_transport

    Commercial service was suspended until November 2001, and Concorde aircraft were retired in 2003 after 27 years of commercial operations. The last regular passenger flights landed at London Heathrow on October 24, 2003, from New York , a second flight from Edinburgh , and a third which had taken off from Heathrow on a loop flight over the Bay ...

  6. Landing performance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landing_performance

    An increase in weight increases the stall speed of the aircraft. Therefore, the landing approach speed increases as the aircraft's weight increases. The kinetic energy (⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ mV 2) that has to be dissipated to stop an aircraft is a function of the mass of the aircraft and the square of its speed at touchdown. The kinetic energy ...

  7. Aircraft approach category - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_approach_category

    Table II-5-1-2 Aircraft approach categories do not change during day-to-day operation. To change an aircraft's category, an aircraft must be re-certified with a different maximum landing mass. [1]: II-5-1-3 Pilots may not use a lower category than the one certified, but may choose to use a higher category for higher speed approaches. [2]

  8. McDonnell Douglas MD-11 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_MD-11

    The aircraft was operating from Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport. Upon landing, the aircraft rolled down the whole length of the runway before plunging into the bay where it was completely submerged except for the cockpit. An excessive approach and landing speed were pointed out as probable cause of the accident. [65]

  9. Airspeed indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_indicator

    At a glance, the pilot can determine a recommended speed (V speeds) or if speed adjustments are needed. Single and multi-engine aircraft have common markings. For instance, the green arc indicates the normal operating range of the aircraft, from V S1 to V NO. The white arc indicates the flap operating range, V SO to V FE, used for approaches ...