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Kinematic diagram of Cartesian (coordinate) robot A plotter is a type of Cartesian coordinate robot.. A Cartesian coordinate robot (also called linear robot) is an industrial robot whose three principal axes of control are linear (i.e. they move in a straight line rather than rotate) and are at right angles to each other. [1]
Cartesian manipulators are driven by mutually perpendicular linear actuators. They generally have a one-to-one correspondence between the linear positions of the actuators and the X, Y, Z position coordinates of the moving platform, making them easy to control. Furthermore, Cartesian manipulators do not change the orientation of the moving ...
An autonomous robot is a robot that acts without recourse to human control. The first autonomous robots environment were known as Elmer and Elsie, which were constructed in the late 1940s by W. Grey Walter. They were the first robots in history that were programmed to "think" the way biological brains do and meant to have free will. [8]
The set of coordinates that define the position of a reference point and the orientation of a coordinate frame attached to a rigid body in three-dimensional space form its configuration space, often denoted () where represents the coordinates of the origin of the frame attached to the body, and () represents the rotation matrices that define the orientation of this frame relative to a ground ...
This provides a direct relationship between actuator positions and the configuration of the manipulator defined by its forward and inverse kinematics. Robot arms are described by their degrees of freedom. This is a practical metric, in contrast to the abstract definition of degrees of freedom which measures the aggregate positioning capability ...
A manipulator can move an object with up to 6 degrees of freedom (DoF), determined by 3 translation 3T and 3 rotation 3R coordinates for full 3T3R mobility. However, when a manipulation task requires less than 6 DoF, the use of lower mobility manipulators, with fewer than 6 DoF, may bring advantages in terms of simpler architecture, easier control, faster motion and lower cost. [2]
Delta robot kinematics (green arms are fixed length, at 90° to their blue axis that they rotate about) The delta robot is a parallel robot, i.e. it consists of multiple kinematic chains connecting the base with the end-effector. The robot can also be seen as a spatial generalisation of a four-bar linkage. [9]
A configuration describes the pose of the robot, and the configuration space C is the set of all possible configurations. For example: If the robot is a single point (zero-sized) translating in a 2-dimensional plane (the workspace), C is a plane, and a configuration can be represented using two parameters (x, y).