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A study of Chinese schoolchildren found that after controlling for age, gender, school, parental myopia, father's education, and books read per week, myopia was still associated with high nonverbal IQ. Nonverbal IQ was a more important explanation than books read per week. [63]
Singapore is believed to have the highest prevalence of myopia in the world; up to 80% of people there have myopia, but the accurate figure is unknown. [138] China's myopia rate is 31%: 400 million of its 1.3 billion people are myopic. The prevalence of myopia in high school in China is 77%, and in college is more than 80%. [139]
Older adults with visual impairment are at an increased risk of physical inactivity, [29] [30] slower gait speeds, [31] [32] [33] and fear of falls. [ 34 ] Physical activity is a useful predictor of overall well-being, and routine physical activity reduces the risk of developing chronic diseases and disability.
The incidence of age-related macular degeneration and its associated features increases with age and is low in people <55 years of age. [101] Smoking is the strongest modifiable risk factor. [ 102 ] As of 2008, age-related macular degeneration accounts for more than 54% of all vision loss in the white population in the US. [ 103 ]
Pseudomyopia (from ψεῦδο, "pseudo": false; and μυωπία "myopia": near sight) occurs when a spasm of the ciliary muscle prevents the eye from focusing in the distance, sometimes intermittently; this is different from myopia which is caused by the eye's shape or other basic anatomy.
Presbyopia is a physiological insufficiency of optical accommodation associated with the aging of the eye; it results in progressively worsening ability to focus clearly on close objects. [4] Also known as age-related farsightedness [5] (or as age-related long sight in the UK [6]), it affects many adults over the age of 40. A common sign of ...
Fundus of geographic atrophy. Geographic atrophy (GA), also known as atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or advanced dry AMD, is an advanced form of age-related macular degeneration that can result in the progressive and irreversible loss of retinal tissue (photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, choriocapillaris) which can lead to a loss of central vision over time.
The high rate of choroidal hemorrhage associated with warfarin is likely due to the drug's long-term use. Rivaroxaban had a high number of reports of retinal and vitreous hemorrhage despite the fact that it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration a year later than dabigatran, suggesting a higher risk in patients taking rivaroxaban than ...