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  2. Averted vision - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Averted_vision

    Averted vision works because there are virtually no rods (cells which detect dim light in black and white) in the fovea: a small area in the center of the eye. The fovea contains primarily cone cells, which serve as bright light and color detectors and are not as useful during the night. This situation results in a decrease in visual ...

  3. Limb darkening - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limb_darkening

    The light seen is approximately the integral of all emission along the line of sight modulated by the optical depth to the viewer (i.e. 1/e times the emission at 1 optical depth, 1/e 2 times the emission at 2 optical depths, etc.). Near the center of the star, optical depth is effectively infinite, causing approximately constant brightness.

  4. Visual snow syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_snow_syndrome

    This can occur in low-light conditions, in the dark, or when the visual system amplifies light perception. In these cases, visual snow is a normal reaction of the body, related to the way photoreceptors (rods) and neurons respond to weak or insufficient stimuli. [citation needed]

  5. Light effects on circadian rhythm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_effects_on_circadian...

    In rats, constant light eventually disrupts the cycle to the point that memory and stress coping may be impaired. [15] The intensity and the wavelength of light influence entrainment. [2] Dim light can affect entrainment relative to darkness. [16] Brighter light is more effective than dim light. [12]

  6. Stroboscopic effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroboscopic_effect

    The temporal light modulation may come from fluctuations of the light source itself or may be due to the application of certain dimming or light level regulation technologies. Another cause of light modulations may be lamps with unfiltered pulse-width modulation type external dimmers. Whether this is so may be tested with any quickly-rotating ...

  7. Planetshine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetshine

    Planetshine is the dim illumination, by sunlight reflected from a planet, of all or part of the otherwise dark side of any moon orbiting the body. Planetlight is the diffuse reflection of sunlight from a planet, whose albedo can be measured.

  8. Magnitude (astronomy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnitude_(astronomy)

    An illustration of light sources from magnitude 1 to 3.5, in 0.5 increments In astronomy , magnitude is a measure of the brightness of an object , usually in a defined passband . An imprecise but systematic determination of the magnitude of objects was introduced in ancient times by Hipparchus .

  9. Time reversal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_reversal

    Reverse motion – a visual effect in which reversing the order of the frames of a film or video makes time appear to run backward; Reverse tape effects – an audio effect in which reversing the direction of an audio recording renders sounds backward; T-symmetry (or time reversal symmetry) – the expected symmetry of physical laws independent ...