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QGIS supports shapefiles, personal geodatabases, dxf, MapInfo, PostGIS, and other industry-standard formats. [5] Web services, including Web Map Service and Web Feature Service, are also supported to allow use of data from external sources. [6] QGIS integrates with other open-source GIS packages, including PostGIS, GRASS GIS, SAGA GIS, and ...
Please note that shapefiles are not topological, therefore may create slivers when comparing TIGER/Line boundaries. This mismatch was not possible when the census TIGER files were available in ASCII format that was topological unlike shapefiles. The Census Bureau has made the data available through WMS servers. [4]
Spatial Data File – high-performance geodatabase format, native to MapGuide (by Autodesk) TIGER – Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing Vector Product Format – National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA)'s format of vectored data for large geographic databases
This was most common from the 1970s through the early 1990s, because GIS software developers had to invent their own geometry data structures, but incorporated existing relational database file formats for the attributes. For example, the Esri Shapefile format includes the .dbf file from the DOS dBase software.
These shapes, together with data attributes that are linked to each shape, create the representation of the geographic data. The term "shapefile" is quite common, but the format consists of a collection of files with a common filename prefix, stored in the same directory. The three mandatory files have filename extensions.shp, .shx, and .dbf.
There is also extensive functionality for processing laser scanner (LiDAR) data containing LAS files. Whitebox GAT is extendable. Users are able to create and add custom tools or plugins using any JVM language. The software also allows scripting using the programming languages Groovy, JavaScript, and Python.
An extension to an existing database software program (most commonly, an object-relational database management system) that creates a geometry datatype, enabling spatial data to be stored in a column in a table, but also provides new functions to query languages such as SQL that include many of the management and analysis functions of GIS. This ...
For example, the field is a generic conceptual model of geographic phenomena, the relational database model and vector are generic logical models, while the shapefile format is a generic physical model. These models are typically implemented directly info software and GIS file formats.