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Casuarina equisetifolia, commonly known as coastal she-oak, horsetail she-oak, [3] ironwood, [4] beach sheoak, beach casuarina, whistling tree [5] or Australian pine [6] is a species of flowering plant in the family Casuarinaceae and is native to Australia, New Guinea, Southeast Asia and India.
Casuarina, also known as she-oak, Australian pine [3] [4] [5] and native pine, [6] is a genus of flowering plants in the family Casuarinaceae, and is native to Australia, the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, islands of the western Pacific Ocean, and eastern Africa.
At one time, all species were placed in the genus Casuarina. Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson separated out many of those species and renamed them into the new genera of Gymnostoma in 1980 and 1982, [3] [4] Allocasuarina in 1982, [4] and Ceuthostoma in 1988, with some additional formal descriptions of new species in each other genus. [5]
Casuarina equisetifolia, a coastal species This page was last edited on 11 December 2017, at 16:27 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons ...
Some Casuarinaceae species are also referred to as Beefwoods, Casuarina equisetifolia, Casuarina cunninghamiana, Allocasuarina verticillata, Allocasuarina distyla (Syn.: Casuarina stricta) etc. Furthers: also Manilkara bidentata and Manilkara spp. from South and Central America and the Caribbean
Plant communities on the northern islands include grassland on young volcanic soils. Older and lower-elevation lava flows are colonized by the tree Casuarina equisetifolia, known locally as gagu, and the fern Nephrolepsis hirsutula. Small patches of Pisonia grandis forest can be found on the four younger islands which are free of grazing goats. [2]
On coastal dunes and relatively recent lava and ash deposits where soils are thinner and drier, forests of Casuarina equisetifolia predominate, with low trees and shrubs including Pandanus tectorius, Syzygium dealbatum, Hibiscus tiliaceus, and Scaevola taccada. [1]
Gymnostoma sumatranum is characterised by its multiple rounded umbrella-shaped crowns, while Casuarina equisetifolia (the most well-known member of Casuarinaceae) is typified by its equisetoid appearance. The roots have nitrogen-fixing nodules. The stems are angular or tetrahedral in cross section (2).