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Hesiod (/ ˈ h iː s i ə d / HEE-see-əd or / ˈ h ɛ s i ə d / HEH-see-əd; [3] Ancient Greek: Ἡσίοδος Hēsíodos; fl. c. 700 BC) was an ancient Greek poet generally thought to have been active between 750 and 650 BC, around the same time as Homer. [1] [2] Several of Hesiod's works have survived in their entirety.
The Contest of Homer and Hesiod (Ancient Greek: Ἀγὼν Oμήρου καὶ Ἡσιόδου, Latin: Certamen Homeri et Hesiodi or simply Certamen [1]) is a Greek narrative that expands a remark made in Hesiod's Works and Days [2] to construct an imagined poetical agon between Homer and Hesiod.
Homer and His Guide (1874) by William-Adolphe Bouguereau. Today, only the Iliad and the Odyssey are associated with the name "Homer". In antiquity, a large number of other works were sometimes attributed to him, including the Homeric Hymns, the Contest of Homer and Hesiod, several epigrams, the Little Iliad, the Nostoi, the Thebaid, the Cypria, the Epigoni, the comic mini-epic ...
There are ten extant Lives of Homer. Eight of these are edited in Georg Westermann's Vitarum Scriptores Graeci minores, [3] including a narrative entitled the Contest of Homer and Hesiod. [4] The longest, Life of Homer, is written in the Ionic dialect and claims to be the work of Herodotus, but this is spurious (see Pseudo-Herodotus). [5]
Epigrams III, XIII and XVII are included in the Contest of Homer and Hesiod and epigram I is included in some manuscripts of the Homeric Hymns. [5] The Epigrams were included in the editio princeps of Homer’s works printed by Demetrius Chalchondyles in 1488. [6]
The writings of Homer and Hesiod were held in extremely high regard throughout antiquity [14] and were viewed by many ancient authors as the foundational texts behind ancient Greek religion; [18] Homer told the story of a heroic past, which Hesiod bracketed with a creation narrative and an account of the practical realities of contemporary ...
While in Hesiod's Theogony, and Homer's Iliad, Cronus and the other Titans are confined to Tartarus—apparently forever [95] —another tradition, as indicated by later sources, seems to have had Cronus, or other of the Titans, being eventually set free. [96]
Map of Homeric Greece. In the debate since antiquity over the Catalogue of Ships, the core questions have concerned the extent of historical credibility of the account, whether it was composed by Homer himself, to what extent it reflects a pre-Homeric document or memorized tradition, surviving perhaps in part from Mycenaean times, or whether it is a result of post-Homeric development. [2]