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This is commonly called "keying"—a term derived from the older use of Morse Code in telecommunications—and several keying techniques exist (these include phase-shift keying, frequency-shift keying, and amplitude-shift keying). The Bluetooth system, for example, uses phase-shift keying to exchange information between various devices.
Test Mobile System (TEMS) is a technology used by telecom operators to measure, analyze and optimize their mobile networks. It is considered as the basic tool to perform wireless network drive testing , benchmarking , monitoring and analysis.
SIMM modules connect to the computer via an 8-bit- or 32-bit-wide interface. RIMM modules used by RDRAM are 16-bit- or 32-bit-wide. [49] DIMM modules connect to the computer via a 64-bit-wide interface. Some other computer architectures use different modules with a different bus width.
Enhanced Voice Services (EVS) is a superwideband speech audio coding standard that was developed for VoLTE and VoNR.It offers up to 20 kHz audio bandwidth and has high robustness to delay jitter and packet losses due to its channel aware coding [1] and improved packet loss concealment. [2]
In telephony, a standard audio signal for a single phone call is encoded as 8000 analog samples per second, of 8 bits each, giving a 64 kbit/s digital signal known as DS0. The default signal compression encoding on a DS0 is either μ-law (mu-law) PCM (North America and Japan) or A-law PCM (Europe and most of the rest of the world).
The I.430 protocol defines 48-bit packets comprising 16 bits from the B1 channel, 16 bits from B2 channel, 4 bits from the D channel, and 12 bits used for synchronization purposes. These packets are sent at a rate of 4 kHz , resulting in a gross bit rate of 192 kbit/s and – giving the data rates listed above – a maximum possible throughput ...
For example, if telephone exchanges are not synchronized, then bit slips will occur and degrade performance. Telecommunication networks rely on the use of highly accurate primary reference clocks which are distributed network-wide using synchronization links and synchronization supply units .
ATIS Telecom Glossary Archived 2008-03-02 at the Wayback Machine; Communications Engineering Tutorials; Federal Communications Commission; IEEE Communications Society; International Telecommunication Union; Ericsson's Understanding Telecommunications at the Wayback Machine (archived April 13, 2004) (Ericsson removed the book from their site in ...