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Cyclophosphamide is a pregnancy category D drug and causes birth defects. First trimester exposure to cyclophosphamide for the treatment of cancer or lupus displays a pattern of anomalies labeled "cyclophosphamide embryopathy", including growth restriction , ear and facial abnormalities, absence of digits and hypoplastic limbs .
Necrotizing vasculitis, also called systemic necrotizing vasculitis, [1] is a general term for the inflammation of veins and arteries that develops into necrosis and narrows the vessels. [ 2 ] Tumors , medications, allergic reactions , and infectious organisms are some of the recognized triggers for these conditions, even though the precise ...
If the person has signs of kidney involvement or cutaneous vasculitis, a biopsy is obtained from the kidneys. Rarely, a thoracoscopic lung biopsy is required. On histopathological examination, a biopsy will show leukocytoclastic vasculitis with necrotic changes and granulomatous inflammation (clumps of typically arranged white blood cells) on ...
The available pharmacological treatments for MAGIC syndrome include biologics (tocilizumab and infliximab), immunosuppressants (cyclosporin A, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, and azathioprine), steroids (corticosteroids, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, and prednisone), colchicines, dapsone, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Vasculitis frequently coexists with infections, and several infections, including hepatitis B and C, HIV, infective endocarditis, and tuberculosis, are significant secondary causes of vasculitis. [35] Except for rheumatoid vasculitis, the majority of secondary vasculitis forms are exceedingly rare. [36]
Possible secondary causes of cerebral vasculitis are infections such as with varicella zoster virus (chicken pox or shingles), systemic auto-immune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis, medications and drugs (amphetamine, cocaine and heroin), some forms of cancer (lymphomas, leukemia and lung cancer) and ...
Vasculitis in the temporal branch of the carotid artery is the most common location and causes headaches. Vasculitis in the ophthalmic artery can cause visual disturbances, and vasculitis in any of the arteries that supply the jaw muscles can cause pain when someone chews food - called claudication.
Clinical features may include constitutional symptoms like fever, arthralgia, myalgia, loss of appetite, weight loss and fatigue.A variety of organs can be affected, which causes a wide range of symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, hemoptysis (coughing up of blood), symptoms of kidney failure, skin manifestations (palpable purpura and livedo racemosa [1]), seizures or peripheral ...