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In chemistry, a dehydration reaction is a chemical reaction that involves the loss of water from the reacting molecule or ion. Dehydration reactions are common processes, the reverse of a hydration reaction .
In organic chemistry, a condensation reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which two molecules are combined to form a single molecule, usually with the loss of a small molecule such as water. [1] If water is lost, the reaction is also known as a dehydration synthesis.
In chemistry, a hydration reaction is a chemical reaction in which a substance combines with water. In organic chemistry, water is added to an unsaturated substrate, which is usually an alkene or an alkyne. This type of reaction is employed industrially to produce ethanol, isopropanol, and butan-2-ol. [1]
Concentrated sulfuric acid can perform a dehydration reaction with table sugar. After mixing, the color changes from white to brownish and eventually to black. The expansion of the mixture is the result of vaporization of water and CO 2 inside the container. The gases inflate the mixture to form a snake-like shape, and give off a burned sugar ...
This dehydration reaction produces the desired alkene (3) from an alcohol (1). The reaction is performed in a distillation apparatus so the formed alkene product can be distilled off and collected as the reaction proceeds. The water produced by the reaction as well as some acid will co-distill, giving a distillate mixture (2).
The production of DMEU is through the condensation of formaldehyde with ethylene urea: [9] 2CH 2 O + (C 2 H 4 N 2 H 2)CO → (C 2 H 2 N 2 (CH 2 OH) 2)CO. The reaction proceeds around 200 °C (392 °F) but this temperature can be brought down to around 70 °C (158 °F) in the presence of an acid catalyst. [10]
The reaction occurs by dissolving the reactants in dry ether and passing through the solution dry, gaseous hydrogen chloride. The product, which is the 2,5-disubstituted oxazole, precipitates as the hydrochloride and can be converted to the free base by the addition of water or by boiling with alcohol. [1]
a chemical compound used to drive a dehydration reaction a desiccant , a substance that absorbs moisture from its surroundings Topics referred to by the same term