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Phosphoenolpyruvate (2-phosphoenolpyruvate, PEP) is the carboxylic acid derived from the enol of pyruvate and phosphate. It exists as an anion. PEP is an important intermediate in biochemistry. It has the highest-energy phosphate bond found (−61.9 kJ/mol) in organisms, and is involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
Pyruvate kinase is the enzyme involved in the last step of glycolysis.It catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to adenosine diphosphate (ADP), yielding one molecule of pyruvate and one molecule of ATP. [1]
In enzymology, a phosphoenolpyruvate-glycerone phosphotransferase (EC 2.7.1.121) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction phosphoenolpyruvate + glycerone ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } pyruvate + glycerone phosphate
Substrate-level phosphorylation exemplified with the conversion of ADP to ATP. Substrate-level phosphorylation is a metabolism reaction that results in the production of ATP or GTP supported by the energy released from another high-energy bond that leads to phosphorylation of ADP or GDP to ATP or GTP (note that the reaction catalyzed by creatine kinase is not considered as "substrate-level ...
The systematic name of this enzyme class is phosphoenolpyruvate:protein-L-histidine Npi-phosphotransferase. Other names in common use include phosphoenolpyruvate sugar phosphotransferase enzyme I, phosphopyruvate-protein factor phosphotransferase, phosphopyruvate-protein phosphotransferase, sugar-PEP phosphotransferase enzyme I, and phosphoenolpyruvate:protein-L-histidine N-pros ...
The phosphoryl group on PEP is eventually transferred to the imported sugar via several proteins. The phosphoryl group is transferred to the Enzyme E I (EI), Histidine Protein (HPr, Heat-stable Protein) and Enzyme E II (EII) to a conserved histidine residue, whereas in the Enzyme E II B (EIIB) the phosphoryl group is usually transferred to a cysteine residue and rarely to a histidine.
In enzymology, a phosphoenolpyruvate mutase (EC 5.4.2.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction phosphoenolpyruvate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 3-phosphonopyruvate Hence, this enzyme has one substrate , phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), and one product , 3-phosphonopyruvate (PPR), which are structural isomers .
The three states of pyruvate, phosphate dikinase (unphosphorylated, monophosphorylated, and diphosphorylated) as it converts pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP). P i = phosphate group. E-His = histidine residue of the enzyme. Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase, or PPDK (EC 2.7.9.1) is an enzyme in the family of transferases that catalyzes the ...