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As boot time fsck is expected to run without user intervention, it generally defaults to not perform any destructive operations. This may be in the form of a read-only check (failing whenever issues are found), or more commonly, a "preen" -p mode that only fixes innocuous issues commonly found after an unclean shutdown (i.e. crash, power fail).
It also contains a command-line interface, which makes it easier to fix or modify GRUB if it is misconfigured or corrupt. [16] Loadlin is a bootloader that can replace a running DOS or Windows 9x kernel with the Linux kernel at run time. This can be useful in the case of hardware that needs to be switched on via software and for which such ...
The magic SysRq key is a key combination understood by the Linux kernel, which allows the user to perform various low-level commands regardless of the system's state. It is often used to recover from freezes , or to reboot a computer without corrupting the filesystem . [ 1 ]
It replaced usplash (which uses the Linux framebuffer) to bring Ubuntu closer to the goal of a 10-second boot time by version 10.04. X Window System Command-line utilities and shell builtins included in Ubuntu
The shell's primary means of debugging. Both xtrace and verbose can be turned off at the same time with the command set -. Verbose: [ set -v | set -o verbose] Prints a command to the terminal as Bash reads it. Bash reads constructs all at once, such as compound commands which include if-fi and case-esac blocks.
The Linux console is a system console internal to the Linux kernel. A system console is the device which receives all kernel messages and warnings and which allows logins in single user mode. [ 1 ] The Linux console provides a way for the kernel and other processes to send text output to the user, and to receive text input from the user.
UEFI binaries like GRUB or the Linux kernel can be booted via the boot manager or from the command-line interface. U-Boot runs a command-line interface on a console or a serial port. Using the CLI, users can load and boot a kernel, possibly changing parameters from the default.
The Windows boot manager is located at the \EFI\Microsoft\Boot\ subfolder of the EFI system partition. [23] On Windows XP 64-Bit Edition and later, access to the EFI system partition is obtained by running the mountvol command. Mounts the EFI system partition on the specified drive. Available on Itanium-based computers only. [24]