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Indonesia's 29.4 million Christians constituted 10.47% of the country's population in 2023, with 7.41% Protestant (20.8 million) and 3.06% Catholic (8.6 million). Some provinces in Indonesia are majority Christian. In Indonesia, the word Kristen (lit. ' Christian ') refers to Protestantism, while Catholicism is referred to as Katolik.
Aliran Kepercayaan [note 1] (lit. ' the branches/flows of beliefs ' ) is an official cover term for groups of followers of various religious movements . It also includes various, partly syncretic forms of mysticism of new religious movements in Indonesia , such as kebatinan , kejiwaan , and kerohanian . [ 2 ]
Indonesian Orthodox worshipers in Surabaya in 2011. The GOI was founded in 1991 after missionary work begun in 1988 by Daniel Byantoro, who converted to Christianity from Islam in the mid-1970s and discovered Eastern Orthodoxy through bishop Kallistos Ware's book The Orthodox Church while studying at a Protestant seminary in Seoul, Korea, in 1982.
They sometimes also used the Chinese name Tiong Hwa Kie Tok Kau Hwe (Chinese Christian Church). They organized themselves into a synod called Khu Hwee Muria in 1948. By 1958 they changed the name of the synod to Persatuan Gereja-Gereja Kristen Muria Indonesia (Union of Muria Christian Churches of Indonesia).
The Indonesian Christian Church (Huria Kristen Indonesia, HKI) is a Lutheran denomination in Indonesia, member of the Lutheran World Federation [1] and the World Council of Churches. [2] The HKI was established in 1927, asserting its autonomy and self-government from the Rhenish Missionary Society, from Germany.
Over time, the ban on local religions or aliran kepercayaan was abandoned. In 1980, Kaharingan was officially recognised as religion, but only as a part of the Hindu Dharma, so in fact it was placed under Hinduism. In Nov 2017, the government of Indonesia officially and formally recognizes aliran kepercayaan, which kaharingan was a part of.
Kepercayaan: "belief", [5] "faith", [6] full term: Kepercayaan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, [web 1] "Believer in One Mighty God". [9] "Kepercayaan" is an official cover term for various forms of mysticism in Indonesia. According to Caldarola, it "is not an apt characterization of what the mystical groups have in common". [6]
The largest Hindu temple in Indonesia, Prambanan, was built during the Majapahit kingdom by the Sanjaya dynasty. The kingdom existed until the 16th century when Islamic empires began to develop, this period known as the Hindu-Indonesian period. [80] Hinduism in Indonesia takes on a distinct tone from other parts of the world.