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In eastern and south-eastern Europe, most of Bulgaria's Jews survived the war, [16] as well as 60% of Jews in Romania [17] and nearly 30% of the Jewish population in Hungary. [18] Two-thirds survived in the Soviet Union . [ 19 ]
The people on this list are or were survivors of Nazi Germany's attempt to exterminate the Jewish people in Europe before and during World War II. A state-enforced persecution of Jewish people in Nazi-controlled Europe lasted from the introduction of the Nuremberg Laws in 1935 to Hitler's defeat in 1945.
Emancipation often brought more opportunities for Jews and many integrated into larger European society and became more secular rather than remaining in cohesive Jewish communities. The pre-World War II Jewish population of Europe is estimated to have been close to 9 million, [5] or 57% of the world's Jewish population. [6]
Of the 235,000 Jewish immigrants to Palestine from 1932 to 1939, [3] approximately 60,000 were German Jews. [4] During World War II, millions of Jews were forced to evacuate areas occupied by the German army and its allies, and most of those who remained were forcibly moved to ghettos and then either killed on the spot or deported to ...
About 75,000 Jews were deported to Nazi concentration camps and death camps and 73,500 of them were murdered, [2] but 75% of the approximately 330,000 Jews in metropolitan France in 1939 escaped deportation and survived the Holocaust, which is one of the highest survival rates in Europe. [3]
At the end of the war, Albania's Jewish population was greater than it was prior to the war, making it the only country in Europe where the Jewish population increased during World War II. [83] [84] Out of two thousand Jews in total, [85] only five Albanian Jews perished at the hands of the Nazis.
Servicemen of the 20th Air Force stationed in Guam during World War II participate in a Rosh Hashanah service. Approximately 1.5 million Jews served in the regular Allied militaries during World War II. [10] Approximately 550,000 American Jews served in the various branches of the United States Armed Forces.
The Holocaust (/ ˈ h ɒ l ə k ɔː s t / ⓘ), [1] known in Hebrew as the Shoah (שואה), was the genocide of European Jews during World War II.Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe, around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population.