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In pharmacology, clearance is a pharmacokinetic parameter representing the efficiency of drug elimination. This is the rate of elimination of a substance divided by its concentration. [ 1 ] The parameter also indicates the theoretical volume of plasma from which a substance would be completely removed per unit time.
Clearance is therefore expressed as the plasma volume totally free of the drug per unit of time, and it is measured in units of volume per units of time. Clearance can be determined on an overall, organism level («systemic clearance») or at an organ level (hepatic clearance, renal clearance etc.). The equation that describes this concept is:
In pharmacology, the area under the plot of plasma concentration of a drug versus time after dosage (called “area under the curve” or AUC) gives insight into the extent of exposure to a drug and its clearance rate from the body.
In a medical context, half-life explicitly describes the time it takes for the blood plasma concentration of a substance to halve (plasma half-life) its steady-state when circulating in the full blood of an organism.
creatinine clearance (Note: Looks similar to, but does not mean, the chromium chlorides—CrCl 2, CrCl 3, CrCl 4) CRD: chronic renal disease circadian rhythm disorder: CRE: carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: Creat: creatinine: CREST: calcinosis, Raynaud esophagus, sclerosis, teleangiectasiae: CRF: chronic renal failure corticotropin ...
The term clearance has a general and a specific meaning. In general, clearance refers to the removal of substances from the body. But in renal physiology, clearance specifically refers to the volume of plasma per unit time that is cleared of a particular substance. You're right that it is a rate, but that's just assumed when you say renal ...
In pharmacokinetics, a loading dose is an initial higher dose of a drug that may be given at the beginning of a course of treatment before dropping down to a lower maintenance dose.
Topics of pharmacodynamics. Pharmacodynamics (PD) is the study of the biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs (especially pharmaceutical drugs).The effects can include those manifested within animals (including humans), microorganisms, or combinations of organisms (for example, infection).