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Eye patching is used in the orthoptic management [2] of children at risk of lazy eye (), especially strabismic or anisometropic [3] amblyopia. These conditions can cause visual suppression of areas of the dissimilar images [4] by the brain such as to avoid diplopia, resulting in a loss of visual acuity in the suppressed eye and in extreme cases in blindness in an otherwise functional eye.
The BSGT is performed under normal lighting conditions. The Bagolini glasses can either be used in trial frames or are set up in reversible lorgnette frames [3] which are placed over the patients glasses who wear refractive correction. The examiner shines a torch light, directing it towards the centre bridge of the Bagolini glasses i.e. the ...
The Worth Four Light Test is relatively simple to undertake. First you must place the red/green goggles over the patients eyes, with the red goggle traditionally placed over the right eye. Red Green Goggles used in the Worth Four Light Test. Next you must dim the room lighting. This allows the patient to see the lights better.
An ophthalmoscopic view of the retina showing advanced signs of diabetic retinopathy including two pale cotton wool spots. Cotton wool spots are opaque fluffy white patches on the retina of the eye that are considered an abnormal finding during a funduscopic exam (also called an ophthalmoscopic exam). [1]
Drusen, from the German word for node or geode (singular, "Druse"), are tiny yellow or white accumulations of extracellular material that build up between Bruch's membrane and the retinal pigment epithelium of the eye. The presence of a few small ("hard") drusen is normal with advancing age, and most people over 40 have some hard drusen. [1]
Retinopathy is any damage to the retina of the eyes, which may cause vision impairment. [1] Retinopathy often refers to retinal vascular disease, or damage to the retina caused by abnormal blood flow. [2] Age-related macular degeneration is technically included under the umbrella term retinopathy but is often discussed as a separate entity.
It occurs equally between men and women with a male to female ratio of 1.2:1. Mean onset age is 27, but has been seen in people aged 16 to 40. [1] It is known to occur after or concurrently with a systemic infection (but not always), showing that it is related generally to an altered immune system. Recurrent episodes can happen, but are ...
The retina lines the inside of the eye. It is light-sensitive and communicates visual messages to the brain. If the retina detaches, it moves and shifts from its normal position. This can cause photopsia, but can also cause permanent vision loss. Medical attention is needed to prevent vision loss.