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Most speak Bengali, a language from the Indo-Aryan language family. Sub-section 2 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Bangladesh states, "The people of Bangladesh shall be known as Bengalis as a nation and as Bangladeshis as citizens." [59] Bengalis are the third-largest ethnic group in the world, after the Han Chinese and Arabs. [60]
Bengali is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language that originated from the Middle Indo-Aryan language in the 7th century. After the conquest of Nadia in 1204 AD, Islamic rule began in Bengal, which influenced the Bengali language. [1] [2] The middle or late 14th century is marked as the end of Old Bengal and the beginning of Middle Bengal.
Bengali is the 6th most spoken language in the world. The language was modernized during the Bengali Renaissance in the 19th century. It has influenced other languages in the region, including Chakma, Rohingya, Assamese, Odia and Nepali. The indigenous Bengali alphabets descended from Brahmi serves as the Bengali script.
Bengali is known for its wide variety of diphthongs, combinations of vowels occurring within the same syllable. [85] Two of these, /oi̯/ and /ou̯/, are the only ones with representation in script, as ঐ and ঔ respectively. /e̯ i̯ o̯ u̯/ may all form the glide part of a diphthong. The total number of diphthongs is not established, with ...
Opar Bangla (Bengali: ওপার বাংলা); That side Bengal, used by Bengalis from both Bangladesh and West Bengal to refer to each other. Bharatiya Bangla (Bengali: ভারতীয় বাংলা ); Indian Bengal , used by Bangladeshi media for Indian state of West Bengal.
Starting in the 1950s, Bengali nationalists used the term in political rallies in East Pakistan. The term Bangla is a major name for both the Bengal region and the Bengali language. The origins of the term Bangla are unclear, with theories pointing to a Bronze Age proto-Dravidian tribe, [29] and the Iron Age Vanga Kingdom. [30]
Some variants of Bengali, particularly Chittagonian and Chakma Bengali, have contrastive tone; differences in the pitch of the speaker's voice can distinguish words. In dialects such as Hajong of northern Bangladesh, there is a distinction between উ and ঊ , the first corresponding exactly to its standard counterpart but the latter ...
Bangal (Bengali: বাঙাল; a.k.a. Purbô Bôngiyô; transl. East Bengali) is a term used to refer to the Bengali people of Eastern Bengal now in Bangladesh, especially from the regions of Mymensingh, Dhaka, Barisal, Faridpur and Comilla.