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Peer assessment, or self-assessment, is a process whereby students or their peers grade assignments or tests based on a teacher's benchmarks. [1] The practice is employed to save teachers time and improve students' understanding of course materials as well as improve their metacognitive skills.
Peer review, or student peer assessment, is the method by which editors and writers work together in hopes of helping the author establish and further flesh out and develop their own writing. [32] Peer review is widely used in secondary and post-secondary education as part of the writing process.
Peer feedback is a practice where feedback is given by one student to another. Peer feedback provides students opportunities to learn from each other. After students finish a writing assignment but before the assignment is handed in to the instructor for a grade, the students have to work together to check each other's work and give comments to the peer partner.
Peer review in scientific journals assumes that the article reviewed has been honestly prepared. The process occasionally detects fraud, but is not designed to do so. [204] When peer review fails and a paper is published with fraudulent or otherwise irreproducible data, the paper may be retracted. A 1998 experiment on peer review with a ...
Teachers can further set assignment-analysis options so that students can review the system's "originality reports" before they finalize their submission. A peer-review option is also available. Some virtual learning environments can be configured to support Turnitin, so that student assignments can be automatically submitted for analysis.
Examples of instructors leading assignments that are good models to learn from include Brianwc, who has successfully run a multi-semester program at a law school; jbmurray, who had students take articles up to good and featured status; and Biolprof, who had graduate students peer review each other's contributions multiple times.
Peer critique, furthermore, is used to help students to become better reviewers of their own work and more self-regulated learners. [8] When working on similar assignments, this method of group learning can be used to help students understand audience reception of their work in a group of peers.
Model Review: Provide students with sample assignments of varying quality for analysis. Criteria Listing: Collaboratively list criteria for the scoring rubric, incorporating student feedback. Quality Gradations: Define hierarchical categories describing levels of quality or development.