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  2. Aqueous solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqueous_solution

    An aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is water. It is mostly shown in chemical equations by appending (aq) to the relevant chemical formula . For example, a solution of table salt , also known as sodium chloride (NaCl), in water would be represented as Na + (aq) + Cl − (aq) .

  3. Ammonia solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonia_solution

    Ammonia solution, also known as ammonia water, ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, ammonia liquor, aqua ammonia, aqueous ammonia, or (inaccurately) ammonia, is a solution of ammonia in water. It can be denoted by the symbols NH 3 (aq). Although the name ammonium hydroxide suggests a salt with the composition [NH + 4][OH −

  4. Solution (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solution_(chemistry)

    A superscript attached to the ∞ symbol for a property of a solution denotes the property in the limit of infinite dilution." [1] One important parameter of a solution is the concentration, which is a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solution or solvent. The term "aqueous solution" is used when one of the solvents is water. [2]

  5. Iron(III) chloride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron(III)_chloride

    In this application, an aqueous solution of FeCl 3 is treated with base to form a floc of iron(III) hydroxide (Fe(OH) 3), also formulated as FeO(OH) (ferrihydrite). This floc facilitates the separation of suspended materials, clarifying the water. [10] Iron(III) chloride is also used to remove soluble phosphate from wastewater.

  6. Metal ions in aqueous solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal_ions_in_aqueous_solution

    A metal ion in aqueous solution or aqua ion is a cation, dissolved in water, of chemical formula [M(H 2 O) n] z+.The solvation number, n, determined by a variety of experimental methods is 4 for Li + and Be 2+ and 6 for most elements in periods 3 and 4 of the periodic table.

  7. Hydrobromic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrobromic_acid

    Hydrobromic acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide.It is a strong acid formed by dissolving the diatomic molecule hydrogen bromide (HBr) in water. "Constant boiling" hydrobromic acid is an aqueous solution that distills at 124.3 °C (255.7 °F) and contains 47.6% HBr by mass, which is 8.77 mol/L. Hydrobromic acid is one of the strongest mineral acids known.

  8. Hydrophobic effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophobic_effect

    A droplet of water forms a spherical shape, minimizing contact with the hydrophobic leaf. Cocoa powder, an example of a "hydrophobic substance". The hydrophobic effect is the observed tendency of nonpolar substances to aggregate in an aqueous solution and to be excluded by water.

  9. Water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water

    In industry, near-infrared spectroscopy is used with aqueous solutions as the greater intensity of the lower overtones of water means that glass cuvettes with short path-length may be employed. To observe the fundamental stretching absorption spectrum of water or of an aqueous solution in the region around 3,500 cm −1 (2.85 μm) [ 90 ] a path ...