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In mathematics, the Pythagorean theorem or Pythagoras' theorem is a fundamental relation in Euclidean geometry between the three sides of a right triangle.It states that the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares on the other two sides.
The Pythagorean theorem was known and used by the Babylonians and Indians centuries before Pythagoras, [216] [214] [217] [218] but he may have been the first to introduce it to the Greeks. [219] [217] Some historians of mathematics have even suggested that he—or his students—may have constructed the first proof. [220]
At one point during its discussion of the shadows cast by gnomons, the work presents a form of the Pythagorean theorem known as the gougu theorem (åūčĄ åŪį) [14] from the Chinese names—lit. 'hook' and 'thigh'—of the two sides of the carpenter or try square. [15]
In this way, this trigonometric identity involving the tangent and the secant follows from the Pythagorean theorem. The angle opposite the leg of length 1 (this angle can be labeled φ = π/2 − θ) has cotangent equal to the length of the other leg, and cosecant equal to the length of the hypotenuse. In that way, this trigonometric identity ...
For example, if s=2, then ð(s) is the well-known series 1 + 1/4 + 1/9 + 1/16 + …, which strangely adds up to exactly ð²/6. When s is a complex number—one that looks like a+bð, using ...
A visual proof of the Pythagorean theorem. Pre-algebra is a common name for a course taught in middle school mathematics in the United States, usually taught in the 6th, 7th, 8th, or 9th grade. [1] The main objective of it is to prepare students for the study of algebra. Usually, Algebra I is taught in the 8th or 9th grade. [2]
Many early texts mention Pythagorean triples and so, by inference, the Pythagorean theorem seems to be the most ancient and widespread mathematical concept after basic arithmetic and geometry. It is in Babylonian mathematics that elementary arithmetic ( addition , subtraction , multiplication , and division ) first appear in the archaeological ...
The use of the Pythagorean theorem and the tangent secant theorem can be replaced by a single application of the power of a point theorem. Case of acute angle γ, where a < 2b cos γ. Drop the perpendicular from A onto a = BC, creating a line segment of length b cos γ. Duplicate the right triangle to form the isosceles triangle ACP.