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The Hipparchus star catalog is a list of at least 850 stars that also contained coordinates of stellar positions in the sky, based on celestial equatorial latitude and longitude. [1] According to British classicist Thomas Heath, Hipparchus was the first to employ such a method to map the stars, at least in the West. [2]
Hipparchus was born in Nicaea (Ancient Greek: Νίκαια), in Bithynia.The exact dates of his life are not known, but Ptolemy attributes astronomical observations to him in the period from 147 to 127 BC, and some of these are stated as made in Rhodes; earlier observations since 162 BC might also have been made by him.
A celestial map by the Dutch cartographer Frederik de Wit, 1670. A star chart is a celestial map of the night sky with astronomical objects laid out on a grid system. They are used to identify and locate constellations, stars, nebulae, galaxies, and planets. [1] They have been used for human navigation since time immemorial. [2]
Hipparchus (c. 190 – c. 120 BC) completed his star catalogue in 129 BC, [8] the earliest known attempt to map the entire sky, [9] which he compared to Timocharis' and discovered that the longitude of the stars had changed over time. This led him to determine the first value of the precession of the equinoxes. [10]
1997 — Two Micron All Sky Survey commences, first version of Hipparcos Catalogue published; 1998 — Sloan Digital Sky Survey commences; 2003 — 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey published; 2MASS completes; 2012 — On March 14, 2012, a new atlas and catalog of the entire infrared sky as imaged by Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer was released. [8]
First-magnitude stars are the brightest stars in the night sky, with apparent magnitudes lower (i.e. brighter) than +1.50. [1] [2] Hipparchus, in the 1st century BC, introduced the magnitude scale.
The night sky in Wisconsin glows with the Northern Lights as a geomagnetic storm brings vibrant pink and green colors to a majority of the northern states. / Credit: Ross Harried/NurPhoto via ...
Hipparchus apparently limited his speculations, because he had only a few older observations, which were not very reliable. Because the equinoctial points are not marked in the sky, Hipparchus needed the Moon as a reference point; he used a lunar eclipse to measure the position of a star. Hipparchus already had developed a way to calculate the ...