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MW 18014 was a German A-4 test rocket [nb 1] launched on 20 June 1944, [1] [2] [3] at the Peenemünde Army Research Center in Peenemünde.It was the first human-made object to reach outer space, attaining an apogee of 176 kilometres (109 mi), well above the Kármán line that was established later as the lowest altitude of space. [4]
The term artificial objects is closely associated with made by humans or not naturally occurring items that have been sent into space. This is a list of lists of artificial objects in space found on Wikipedia. Category:Lists of artificial objects sent into space; Category:Lists of space missions; Lists of spacecraft. Category:Lists of spacecraft
Luna 1 became the first artificial object to reach the escape velocity of the Earth, [14] along with its carrier rocket's 1,472-kilogram (3,245 lb) [2] upper stage, which it separated from after being the first spacecraft to reach heliocentric orbit. [1] It remains in orbit around the Sun, between the orbits of Earth and Mars. [2]
Venera 3, which also lost contact, marked the first time a man-made object made contact with another planet after it impacted Venus on March 1, 1966. [31] Venera 4, Venera 5, and Venera 6 performed successful atmospheric entry. In 1970 Venera 7 marked the first time a spacecraft was able to return data after landing on another planet.
First man-made object on Mars. No contact after crash landing. Mars 3 lander: USSR: 2 December 1971: First soft landing on Mars. Transmission began about 90 seconds after landing. [4] Transmitted a partial image for 14.5 seconds before the signal was lost. [5] Mars 6 lander: USSR: 12 March 1974
Vanguard 1. Expected to de-orbit in ~2240AD, this and its upper launch stage are the oldest human-made objects in space. Also the first use of solar cells to power a satellite. [1] 1.47 kg (3.25 lb) March 26 US: Explorer 3: Juno I: Success: Added to data received by Explorer 1. [1] 14.1 kg (31.0 lb) April 29 US: Vanguard 2A: Vanguard TV-5: Failure
They were also the first animals to safely return from space. [56] Albert II, a rhesus monkey, became the first mammal in space aboard a U.S. V-2 rocket on June 14, 1949, and died on reentry due to a parachute failure. The first dogs in space were launched 22 July 1951 aboard a Soviet R-1V. "Tsygin" and "Dezik" reached a height of 100 km (62 mi ...
Sputnik 1 (/ ˈ s p ʌ t n ɪ k, ˈ s p ʊ t n ɪ k /, Russian: Спутник-1, Satellite 1), sometimes referred to as simply Sputnik, was the first artificial Earth satellite.It was launched into an elliptical low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957 as part of the Soviet space program.