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A fire retardant is a substance that is used to slow down or stop the spread of fire or reduce its intensity. This is commonly accomplished by chemical reactions that reduce the flammability of fuels or delay their combustion. [1] [2] Fire retardants may also cool the fuel through physical action or endothermic chemical reactions.
Fire-retardant gels are superabsorbent polymer slurries with a "consistency almost like petroleum jelly." [1] Fire-retardant gels can also be slurries that are composed of a combination of water, starch, and clay. [2] Used as fire retardants, they can be used for structure protection and in direct-attack applications against wildfires. [3] [4]
C-130E Hercules equipped with a Modular Airborne FireFighting System makes a Phos-Chek fire retardant drop in Southern California in October 2003. Phos-Chek is a brand of long-term [ 1 ] fire retardants , class A foams , and gels manufactured by Perimeter Solutions, headquartered in Clayton, Missouri , United States.
An aircraft drops fire retardant on the Lisa fire burning in a canyon east of Moreno Valley on June 16 in Beaumont, Calif. (Gina Ferazzi / Los Angeles Times) It’s a scene that’s become routine ...
Fire-retardant materials should not be confused with fire-resistant materials. A fire resistant material is one which is designed to resist burning and withstand heat . An example of a fire-resistant material is one which is used in bunker gear worn by firefighters to protect them from the flames of a burning building.
Typically, their undergarments beneath the heavier fire-resistant gear are made of flame-retardant cotton or another breathable, organic fabric that has been treated to resist ignition. [ 20 ] Polymers containing nitrogen , sodium , and phosphorus atoms can work as materials for fire-resistant cellulosic textiles, such as cotton or rayon .
This provides dramatic fire knockdown, an important factor in crash rescue firefighting. In the early 1970s, National Foam, Inc. invented alcohol-resistant AFFF technology. AR-AFFF is a synthetic foam developed for both hydrocarbon and polar-solvent materials. Polar solvents are combustible liquids that destroy conventional fire-fighting foam.
A fog nozzle. A fog nozzle is a firefighting hose spray nozzle that breaks its stream into small droplets.By doing so, its stream achieves a greater surface area, and thus a greater rate of heat absorption, which, when compared to that of a smoothbore nozzle, speeds its transformation into the steam that smothers the fire by displacing its oxygen.
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