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Bernard Offen (born 17 April 1929) in Kraków, Poland is a Holocaust survivor.He survived the Kraków Ghetto and several Nazi concentration camps.. His parents, two brothers, and one sister lived in the Podgórze area of Kraków which in March 1941 became the Kraków Ghetto.
In 1940, one year later, the Kraków Ghetto, a Nazi ghetto, was created during the German occupation of Poland in World War II. [7] His immediate family, grandparents, cousins, and aunt were moved into one small apartment there. [7] [8] In 1941, his father was killed in a round-up. [9]
Most of the survivors were deemed unsuitable for slave labour and were murdered immediately on their arrival at Auschwitz. According to testimony of several witnesses as recorded in his 1946 indictment for war crimes, Göth personally shot between 30 and 90 women and children during the liquidation of the ghetto. [28]
The ghetto was accessible by three entrances: one near the Podgórze Market, Limanowskiego Street, and the Plac Zgody. [9] The Kraków Ghetto was a closed ghetto meaning that it was physically closed off from the surrounding area and access was restricted. [16] Within other German-occupied areas, open ghettos and destruction ghettos existed. [16]
Mieczyslaw Staner was born in the Kraków suburb of Podgórze, and was educated first in a state Primary School and later in a Hebrew Gymnasium on Podbrzezie street in Kazimierz, the oldest Jewish Quarter in Kraków, which was founded by the late Dr. Hilfstein.
Roma Ligocka (born Roma Liebling, 13 November 1938) is a Polish writer, and painter.. She was born in a Jewish family in Kraków a year before World War II. During the German occupation of Poland, her family was persecuted by the Germans - her father was incarcerated, first in the Płaszów and then Auschwitz concentration camps.
Helen Jonas-Rosenzweig (born Helena Sternlicht; April 25, 1925 – December 20, 2018) was a Polish Holocaust survivor who was interned during World War II at the Płaszów concentration camp where she was forced to work as a maid for SS camp commandant Amon Göth.
The Joseph Bau House Museum, located at 9 Berdichevsky Street in Tel-Aviv, is an authentic artist workshop that conveys to the visitor the incredible life story of Joseph Bau, reflected in the wide range of his creativity, which includes paintings, graphics, movies, animation, and literature—all with the humor of his optimistic point of view.