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However, from 1880 to 1950 a photo-mechanical ("line-block") variant was the dominant form of commercial printing for images. A similar process to etching, but printed as a relief print, so it is the "white" background areas which are exposed to the acid, and the areas to print "black" which are covered with ground. Blake's exact technique ...
Goya, No. 32 of Los Caprichos (1799, Por que fue sensible).This is a fairly rare example of a print entirely in aquatint. [5]In intaglio printmaking techniques such as engraving and etching, the artist makes marks into the surface of the plate (in the case of aquatint, a copper or zinc plate) that are capable of holding ink.
Viscosity printing is a multi-color printmaking technique that incorporates principles of relief printing and intaglio printing. It was pioneered by Stanley William Hayter . The process uses the principle of viscosity to print multiple colors of ink from a single plate, rather than relying upon multiple plates for color separation .
Reduction printing is a name used to describe the process of using one block to print several layers of color on one print. Both woodcuts and linocuts can employ reduction printing. This usually involves cutting a small amount of the block away, and then printing the block many times over on different sheets before washing the block, cutting ...
In intaglio printing, the lines to be printed are cut into a metal (e.g. copper) plate by means either of a cutting tool called a burin, held in the hand – in which case the process is called engraving; or through the corrosive action of acid – in which case the process is known as etching. [6] [7]
Printed in color from various plates, using etching, engraving, and aquatint. One of the leading achievements of the French 18th-century color-print. Most early methods of color printing involved several prints, one for each color, although there were various ways of printing two colors together if they were separate.
Once the desired amount of ink is removed, the plate is run through an etching press along with a piece of dampened paper to produce a print. A dampened paper may be produced by soaking a piece of printing paper, or any other papers that are slightly water-absorbent but are not water soluble, into a tray of water for about 5 minutes.
Color intaglio prints are achieved by processing separate plates, each carrying one or more colors in proportion to the effect desired in the print. The plates are printed in succession onto paper, each carrying color and imagery that, in register with the others, combine to form the finished print.