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Medical ethics is an applied branch of ethics which analyzes the practice of clinical medicine and related scientific research. [1] Medical ethics is based on a set of values that professionals can refer to in the case of any confusion or conflict. These values include the respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice. [2]
Whereas killing involves intervention, letting die involves withholding care (for example, in passive euthanasia), [1] [2] or other forms of inaction (such as in the Trolley problem). Also in medical ethics there is a moral distinction between euthanasia and letting die. Legally, patients often have a right to reject life-sustaining care, in ...
The AMA is responsible for maintaining the Code of Ethics, which consists of two parts: the Principles of Medical Ethics and Opinions of the AMA's Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs. [65] The role of physicians in patient's right to die is debated within the medical community, however, the AMA provided an opinion statement on the matter.
The British House of Lords select committee on medical ethics defines euthanasia as "a deliberate intervention undertaken with the express intention of ending a life to relieve intractable suffering". [3] In the Netherlands and Belgium, euthanasia is understood as "termination of life by a doctor at the request of a patient". [4]
John Walton, who chaired the 1993 House of Lords Select Committee on Medical Ethics, found the centre's work on euthanasia to be “useful” but also “biased”: “Although this book is so closely argued that it is not recommended for light bedside reading, it repays careful study and represents a useful, if biased, contribution to a ...
Voluntary euthanasia is the purposeful ending of another person's life at their request, in order to relieve them of suffering.Voluntary euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS) have been the focus of intense debate in the 21st century, surrounding the idea of a right to die.
Non-voluntary euthanasia is euthanasia conducted when the explicit consent of the individual concerned is unavailable, such as when the person is in a persistent vegetative state, or in the case of young children. [citation needed] It contrasts with involuntary euthanasia, when euthanasia is performed against the will of the patient. [1] [2]
Medical ethics tends to be understood narrowly as applied professional ethics; whereas bioethics has a more expansive application, touching upon the philosophy of science and issues of biotechnology. The two fields often overlap, and the distinction is more so a matter of style than professional consensus.