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  2. Culture of the Ming dynasty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_the_Ming_dynasty

    The culture of the Ming dynasty was deeply rooted in traditional Chinese values, but also saw a flourishing of fine arts, literature, and philosophy in the late 15th century. During this time, the government played a stronger role in shaping culture, requiring the use of Zhu Xi 's interpretation of Neo-Confucianism in civil service examinations ...

  3. Four occupations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_occupations

    A painting of a gentry scholar with two courtesans, by Tang Yin, c. 1500. The four occupations (simplified Chinese: 士农工商; traditional Chinese: 士農工商; pinyin: Shì nóng gōng shāng), or "four categories of the people" (Chinese: 四民; pinyin: sì mín), [1] [2] was an occupation classification used in ancient China by either Confucian or Legalist scholars as far back as the ...

  4. Middle Chinese - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese

    Middle Chinese (formerly known as Ancient Chinese) or the Qieyun system (QYS) is the historical variety of Chinese recorded in the Qieyun, a rime dictionary first published in 601 and followed by several revised and expanded editions.

  5. Eastward spread of Western learning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastward_spread_of_Western...

    Since the late Qing period, Chinese researchers began to review and detailedly describe the process during which the Western knowledge was brought into China. [4]: 3 In the 1900s, the term "eastward spread of Western learning" was coined in Shanghai-based newspaper Shun Pao, as a description of the emerging national awareness among the Chinese ...

  6. Society of the Song dynasty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Society_of_the_Song_dynasty

    The erudite term of enjoying the company of the 'nine guests' (九客, jiuke)—an extension of the Four Arts of the Chinese Scholar—was a metaphor for accepted gentry pastimes of playing the Chinese zither, playing Chinese chess, Zen Buddhist meditation, ink (calligraphy and painting), tea drinking, alchemy, chanting poetry, conversation ...

  7. Culture of the People's Republic of China - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_the_People's...

    The culture of the People's Republic of China (PRC) is a rich and varied blend of traditional Chinese culture with communist and other international modern and post-modern influences. During the Cultural Revolution , an enormous number of cultural treasures of inestimable value were seriously damaged or destroyed, and the practice of many arts ...

  8. Compulsory education in China - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_education_in_China

    According to the Compulsory Education Law, China's compulsory education has four main features [17] : It is the obligation of schools, parents, and society to allow school-age children and teenagers to receive education. Whoever fails this obligation violates the law. Parents who do not send their students to school, bear the responsibility.

  9. Islam during the Ming dynasty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_during_the_Ming_Dynasty

    Most of their descendants took Chinese names and became part of the diverse cultural world of China. [1] During the following Ming rule (1368–1644), Muslims truly adopted Chinese culture. Most became fluent in Chinese and adopted Chinese names and the capital, Nanjing, became a center of Islamic learning. As a result, the Muslims became ...