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European settlers in New Zealand, also known locally as Pākehā settlers, began arriving in the country in the early 19th century as immigrants of various types, initially settling around the Bay of Islands mostly. Large-scale organised migration from Britain to other regions began in the 1840s, such as to Wellington, Canterbury and Otago.
New Zealand English blunted new settlers' patterns of speech into it. [51] New Zealand English differs from other varieties of English in vocabulary, accent, pronunciation, register, grammar [51] and spelling. [52] Other than English, the most commonly spoken European languages in New Zealand are French and German. [53]
Officials and missionaries had their own positions and reputations to protect. Māori chiefs were motivated by a desire for protection from foreign powers, for the establishment of governorship over European settlers and traders in New Zealand, and for allowing wider European settlement that would increase trade and prosperity for Māori. [67]
The human history of the Auckland (Tāmaki Makaurau) metropolitan area stretches from early Māori settlers in the 14th century to the first European explorers in the late 18th century, over a short stretch as the official capital of (European-settled) New Zealand in the middle of the 19th century to its current position as the fastest-growing ...
Frederick Edward Maning, an early settler, wrote two lively accounts of life in these times, which have become classics of New Zealand literature: Old New Zealand and History of the War in the North of New Zealand against the Chief Heke. European settlement of New Zealand increased steadily.
Early European settlers introduced tools, weapons, clothing and foods to Māori across New Zealand, in exchange for resources, land and labour. Māori began selectively adopting elements of Western society during the 19th century, including European clothing and food, and later Western education, religion and architecture. [ 171 ]
These saw the first European women to visit New Zealand (in 1792) and to sojourn there (1795–1797), the sojourn of 244 people on an inhospitable shore for several years, and the building of the first European house and ship in New Zealand. Some of these ventures resulted from the pursuit of seals and constituted the first sealing boom. The ...
Probably no more than 500 Māori were living in Canterbury when European settlement began in the 1840s. They were members of the Ngāi Tahu tribe, which occupied much of the South Island, remnants of a more numerous population that may have numbered between 3000 and 4000 people at the beginning of the 19th century.