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The following figure shows the reaction mechanism: [2] Reaktionsmechanismus Albright-Goldman-Oxidation. First, dimethyl sulfoxide (1) reacts with acetic anhydride to form a sulfonium ion. It reacts with the primary alcohol in an addition reaction. Furthermore, acetic acid is cleaved, so that intermediate 2 is formed. The latter reacts upon ...
Acetic anhydride, or ethanoic anhydride, is the chemical compound with the formula (CH 3 CO) 2 O. Commonly abbreviated Ac 2 O, it is the simplest isolable anhydride of a carboxylic acid and is widely used as a reagent in organic synthesis. It is a colorless liquid that smells strongly of acetic acid, which is formed by its reaction with ...
The Yamaguchi esterification is the chemical reaction of an aliphatic carboxylic acid and 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoyl chloride (TCBC, Yamaguchi reagent) to form a mixed anhydride which, upon reaction with an alcohol in the presence of stoichiometric amount of DMAP, produces the desired ester. It was first reported by Masaru Yamaguchi et al. in 1979 ...
Succinic anhydride hydrolyzes readily to give succinic acid: (CH 2 CO) 2 O + H 2 O → (CH 2 CO 2 H) 2. With alcohols (ROH), a similar reaction occurs, delivering the monoester: (CH 2 CO) 2 O + ROH → RO 2 CCH 2 CH 2 CO 2 H. Succinic anhydride is used in acylations under Friedel-Crafts conditions, as illustrated by the industrial route to the ...
First, in the presence of a chiral nucleophilic catalyst, by the action of an appropriate carboxylic acid anhydride on a racemic aliphatic carboxylic acid, the corresponding MA is produced, resulting in the kinetic resolution of the racemic aliphatic carboxylic acid after having been subjected to reaction with achiral alcohol. [9]
The naphthalene route (the Gibbs phthalic anhydride process or the Gibbs–Wohl naphthalene oxidation reaction) has declined relative to the o-xylene route. Proposed early steps in vanadium -catalyzed oxidation of naphthalene to phthalic anhydride, with V 2 O 5 represented as a molecule versus its true extended structure.
Alcohol oxidation is a collection of oxidation reactions in organic chemistry that convert alcohols to aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters. The reaction mainly applies to primary and secondary alcohols. Secondary alcohols form ketones, while primary alcohols form aldehydes or carboxylic acids. [1] A variety of oxidants can be used.
The reaction is often carried out without a solvent (particularly when a large reagent excess of the alcohol reagent is used) or in a non-polar solvent (e.g. toluene, hexane) that can facilitate Dean–Stark distillation to remove the water byproduct. [4] Typical reaction times vary from 1–10 hours at temperatures of 60–110 °C.