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In regard to the hormone leptin, central vs peripheral refers to the hypothalamic portion of the brain vs non-hypothalamic location of action of leptin; direct vs indirect refers to whether there is no intermediary, or there is an intermediary in the mode of action of leptin; and primary vs secondary is an arbitrary description of a particular ...
Assisted by his graduate student A.L. Washburn, Cannon set out to test whether stomach contractions were responsible for signaling hunger to the brain. Arthur Lawrence Washburn (1887-1965) was a graduate student at Harvard Medical School when he participated in the hunger experiment. Washburn had entered Harvard College in 1906 and graduated ...
Leptin, a hormone secreted exclusively by adipose cells in response to an increase in body fat mass, is an important component in the regulation of long term hunger and food intake. Leptin serves as the brain's indicator of the body's total energy stores. When leptin levels rise in the bloodstream they bind to receptors in ARC. The functions of ...
Like other cytokine receptors, Leptin receptor protein has three different regions: i) extracellular, ii) trans-membrane, and iii) intracellular.The extracellular part has 5 functional domains: [12] i) membrane distal 1st cytokine receptor homology (CRH1), ii) Immunoglobulin like (Ig), iii) 2nd cytokine receptor homology (CRH2) and iv) two membrane proximal fibronectine type-III (FNIII) domains.
Research into the adipose-derived hormones adiponectin and resistin is ongoing. Like leptin, these hormones also affect energy balance and metabolism. Like leptin, observations in both humans and animal models have shown that adiponectin is relevant to insulin sensitivity and energy homeostasis.
The periventricular nucleus is a thin sheet of small neurons located in the wall of the third ventricle, a composite structure of the hypothalamus. It functions in analgesia. It is located in the rostral, intermediate, and caudal regions of the hypothalamus. The rostral region aids in the production of both somatostatin and thyroid releasing ...
The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH), [1] or ARC, [2] is also known as the infundibular nucleus to distinguish it from the arcuate nucleus of the medulla oblongata in the brainstem. [1] The arcuate nucleus is an aggregation of neurons in the mediobasal hypothalamus , adjacent to the third ventricle and the median eminence .
Douglas L. Coleman (October 6, 1931 - April 16, 2014) was a scientist and professor emeritus at the Jackson Laboratory, in Bar Harbor, Maine.His work predicted that there exists a hormone that can cause mice to feel full, and that a mutation in the gene encoding this hormone can lead to obesity. [3]