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Psychological egoism is the view that humans are always motivated by self-interest and selfishness, even in what seem to be acts of altruism.It claims that, when people choose to help others, they do so ultimately because of the personal benefits that they themselves expect to obtain, directly or indirectly, from doing so.
One strategy by which ‘selfish genes’ may increase their future representation is by causing humans to be non-selfish, in the psychological sense." [9] This is a central topic within contemporary discourse of psychological egoism. [2] Philosophies of personal identity such as open individualism have implications for egoism and altruism.
Adam Smith with the concept of the invisible hand saw the economic system as usefully channelling selfish self-interest to wider ends. [9] John Locke, along with Adam Smith, was a key figure in early classical liberalism: [10] an ideology that champions notions of individualism and negative liberty. These core themes inevitably relate to the ...
The 'good' side of our nature is much more deep-rooted than the 'evil' side.
The book asserts that "In a society in which the narrow pursuit of material self-interest is the norm, the shift to an ethical stance is more radical than many people realize." [ 4 ] Singer attempts to show how the key for a satisfactory life resides on its purpose and how crucial for that purpose a commitment to an ethical life is.
Rational egoism (also called rational selfishness) is the principle that an action is rational if and only if it maximizes one's self-interest. [1] [2] As such, it is considered a normative form of egoism, [3] though historically has been associated with both positive and normative forms. [4]
Ethical egoism can be broadly divided into three categories: individual, personal, and universal. An individual ethical egoist would hold that all people should do whatever benefits "my" (the individual's) self-interest; a personal ethical egoist would hold that they should act in their self-interest, but would make no claims about what anyone else ought to do; a universal ethical egoist would ...
The Virtue of Selfishness: A New Concept of Egoism is a 1964 collection of essays by the philosopher Ayn Rand and the writer Nathaniel Branden.Most of the essays originally appeared in The Objectivist Newsletter.