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Russia was founded by Lewis Phillips, who purchased and plotted the land where the village now sits. Phillips' house, built in 1853, was the first house in Russia; other settlers followed by the late 1850s. Phillips was also the first businessman in the village, opening a grocery store in 1853.
Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. The town was then destroyed during the post-war period and rebuilt years later. Bytom: City survived. Chełm: כעלם Khelm City survived, but all Jews were exterminated. Chęciny: חענטשין Chentshin 2,825 (1921) Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. Chmielnik: כמעלניק ...
During World War II the city was occupied by German troops from August 20, 1941 to September 25, 1943. Consequently, the Jewish population, which constituted about one-fifth of the population at the start of the 20th century, was massacred. More than 3000 Jews were murdered by a mobile squad of Einsatzgruppen in the outskirts of the village. [10]
Klushino (Russian: Клушино, IPA: [ˈkluʂɨnə]) is a village in Smolensk Oblast (Western Oblast before 1937), Russia. It is situated on the old road between Vyazma and Mozhaysk, not far from Gzhatsk (now named Gagarin), and it was the site of a major battle during the Polish–Russian War of 1609–1618.
Смоленское сражение 1941 [The Battle of Smolensk, 1941] (in Russian). Moscow: Tseykhgauz. ISBN 5-9771-0017-5. Stolfi, R. H. S. (1993). Hitler's Panzers East: World War II Reinterpreted. Oklahoma City: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-2581-0. Ziemke, Earl F. (1987). Moscow to Stalingrad. Center of Military History ...
more renamings happened during the whole history of the Soviet Union for political reasons; in 1945, German cities around Königsberg were made part of the Kaliningrad Oblast exclave, see list of cities and towns in East Prussia; soon after the reconquest of Southern Sakhalin in 1945, Japanese placenames were replaced with Russian ones.
The Pale of Settlement [a] was a western region of the Russian Empire with varying borders that existed from 1791 to 1917 (de facto until 1915) in which permanent residency by Jews was allowed and beyond which Jewish residency, permanent or temporary, [1] was mostly forbidden.
The Eastern Front was a theatre of World War II which primarily involved combat between the nations and allies of Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union.Combat in the Eastern Front began with the two powers remaining peaceful towards each other, with the annexation of countries such as Albania and portions of Poland by Germany and its allies, and the annexation of Finland and the rest of Poland by ...