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  2. Choked flow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choked_flow

    Choked flow is a limiting condition where the mass flow cannot increase with a further decrease in the downstream pressure environment for a fixed upstream pressure and temperature. For homogeneous fluids, the physical point at which the choking occurs for adiabatic conditions is when the exit plane velocity is at sonic conditions; i.e., at a ...

  3. Flow control valve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_control_valve

    Control valves are normally fitted with actuators and positioners. Pneumatically-actuated globe valves and diaphragm valves are widely used for control purposes in many industries, although quarter-turn types such as (modified) ball and butterfly valves are also used. Control valves can also work with hydraulic actuators (also known as ...

  4. Pressure regulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_regulator

    Supplementary oxygen may also be dispensed through a regulator which both reduces the pressure, and supplies the gas at a metered flow rate, to be mixed with ambient air. [8] One way of producing a constant mass flow at variable ambient pressure is to use a choked flow, where the flow through the metering orifice is sonic. For a given gas in ...

  5. List of valves - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_valves

    Ideal for quick shut-off, since a 90° turn completely shuts off, compared to multiple 360° turns for other manual valves; Butterfly valve, for on–off flow control in large diameter pipes; Choke valve, a solid cylinder placed around or inside a second cylinder with multiple holes or slots, inside a housing. Shifting the solid cylinder ...

  6. Control valve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_valve

    A control valve is a valve used to control fluid flow by varying the size of the flow passage as directed by a signal from a controller. [1] This enables the direct control of flow rate and the consequential control of process quantities such as pressure , temperature , and liquid level.

  7. Kantrowitz limit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kantrowitz_limit

    If a near supersonic flow experiences an area contraction, the velocity of the flow will decrease until it reaches the local speed of sound, and the flow will be choked. This is the principle behind the Kantrowitz limit: it is the maximum amount of contraction a flow can experience before the flow chokes, and the flow speed can no longer be ...

  8. Fanno flow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanno_flow

    For a flow with an upstream Mach number greater than 1.0 in a sufficiently long duct, deceleration occurs and the flow can become choked. On the other hand, for a flow with an upstream Mach number less than 1.0, acceleration occurs and the flow can become choked in a sufficiently long duct. It can be shown that for flow of calorically perfect ...

  9. Compressor characteristic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressor_characteristic

    Due to flow reversal, pressure in the pipe falls and the compressor regains its normal stable operation (let at point B) delivering the gas at higher flow rate (˙). But the control valve still corresponds to the flow rate ˙. Due to this compressor's operating conditions will again return to D through points C and S.