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The fundamental Wiio's law states that "Communication usually fails, except by accident". The full set of laws is as follows: Communication usually fails, except by accident. If communication can fail, it will. If communication cannot fail, it still most usually fails. If communication seems to succeed in the intended way, there's a ...
Wiio's laws: The fundamental Wiio's law states that "Communication usually fails, except by accident". Wike's law of low odd primes : "If the number of experimental treatments is a low odd prime number, then the experimental design is unbalanced and partially confounded."
In social science, mass communication is related to communication studies, but has its roots in sociology.Mass communication is "the process by which a person, group of people or organization creates a message and transmits it through some type of medium to a large, anonymous, heterogeneous audience."
Communication rights involve freedom of opinion and expression, democratic media governance, media ownership and media control, participation in one's own culture, linguistic rights, rights to education, privacy, assemble, and self-determination. They are also related inclusion and exclusion, quality and accessibility to means of communication. [1]
Communications surveillance (that is to say, mass surveillance of communications) conflicts with a number of international human rights, mainly that of privacy. As a result, communications surveillance may only occur when prescribed by law necessary to achieve legitimate aim, and proportionate to the aim used. [3] [4] [5]
From the belief in a universal moral core of humanity, it followed that all persons were inherently free and equal. For liberal humanists such as Immanuel Kant, the universal law of reason was a guide towards total emancipation from any kind of tyranny. [5] Criticism of humanism as over-idealistic began in the 19th century.
Media ethics promotes and defends values such as a universal respect for life and the rule of law and legality. [1] Media Ethics defines and deals with ethical questions about how media should use texts and pictures provided by the citizens.
Communications law [1] refers to the regulation of electronic communications by wire or radio. [2] It encompasses regulations governing broadcasting, telephone and telecommunications service, cable television, satellite communications, [ 3 ] wireless telecommunications, and the Internet.