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An open textbook is a textbook licensed under an open license, and made available online to be freely used by students, teachers and members of the public.Many open textbooks are distributed in either print, e-book, or audio formats that may be downloaded or purchased at little or no cost.
The concepts of open access and open source support the idea of open textbooks, digital textbooks that are free (gratis) and easy to distribute, modify and update (libre). Schools, teachers or professors may design their own open textbooks by gathering open access scholarly articles or other open access resources into one text or one curriculum.
The Open Textbook Library sponsored by the University of Minnesota offers open textbooks a wide range of law, medicine, engineering, and liberal arts disciplines. [38] OpenStax, a nonprofit educational technology initiative based at Rice University, has created openly-licensed textbooks since 2012.
LibreTexts' current primary support is from the 2018 Open Textbook Pilot Program award from the Department of Education Organization Act. [7] [10] [5] [11] FIPSE [12] Other funding comes from the University of California Davis, the University of California Davis Library, [5] and the California State University System both through MERLOT and its Affordable Learning Solutions (AL$) program.
"The expense of textbooks is a concern for students, and e-textbooks, address the face of the issue, Williams says " As publishers we understand the high cost of these materials, and the electronic format permit us diminish the general expense of our content to the market". [34]
Writing Commons (WC) is a peer-reviewed open education resource (OER) for college-level writers. Founded in 2008 by Joseph M. Moxley, a professor of English and the director of the first-year writing program at the University of South Florida, Writing Commons was developed from a highly regarded text into one of the most heavily used open textbooks on the web. [1]
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